Nitrogen Management at the Whole Plant Level for Better Nitrogen Use Efficiency
Résumé
Nitrogen fertilizers are used worldwide and are essential to obtain good yields in cereals, oilseed rape and maize. However, nitrogen fertilizers have a negative impact on the carbon balance and in some case on environment. Decreasing fertilizer needs without affecting yield would be beneficial to farmers’ costs and to environment. Then understanding how plants uptake fertilizers, their preference amongst the different nitrogen sources, how they assimilate inorganic nitrogen forms and how they recycle and reuse nitrogen all along their lifespan is essential for better use efficiency (NUE). This keynote lecture will focus on nitrogen assimilation, recycling and remobilization in plant and will show how our recent knowledge led us to propose breeding solutions to improve NUE and plant adaptation to environment. Chen, Q., Soulay, F., Saudemont, B., Elmayan, T., Marmagne, A., and Masclaux-Daubresse, C. (2019): Overexpression of ATG8 in Arabidopsis Stimulates Autophagic Activity and Increases Nitrogen Remobilization Efficiency and Grain Filling, Plant and Cell Physiology (60), 343-352. Guiboileau, A., Yoshimoto, K., Soulay, F., Bataille, M.P., Avice, J.C., and Masclaux-Daubresse, C. (2012): Autophagy machinery controls nitrogen remobilization at the whole-plant level under both limiting and ample nitrate conditions in Arabidopsis, New Phytologist (194), 732-740. James, M., Masclaux-Daubresse, C., Marmagne, A., Azzopardi, M., Laine, P., Goux, D., Etienne, P., and Trouverie, J. (2019): A New Role for SAG12 Cysteine Protease in Roots of Arabidopsis thaliana. Frontiers in Plant Science (9). James, M., Poret, M., Masclaux-Daubresse, C., Marmagne, A., Coquet, L., Jouenne, T., Chan, P., Trouverie, J., and Etienne, P. (2018): SAG12, a Major Cysteine Protease Involved in Nitrogen Allocation during Senescence for Seed Production in Arabidopsis thaliana, Plant and Cell Physiology (59), 2052-2063. Masclaux-Daubresse, C., Chen, Q., and Havé, M. (2017): Regulation of nutrient recycling via autophagy, Current Opinion in Plant Biology (39), 8-17. Moison, M., Marmagne, A., Dinant, S., Soulay, F., Azzopardi, M., Lothier, J., Citerne, S., Morin, H., Legay, N., Chardon, F., Avice, J.C., Reisdorf-Cren, M., and Masclaux-Daubresse, C. (2018): Three cytosolic glutamine synthetase isoforms localized in different-order veins act together for N remobilization and seed filling in Arabidopsis, Journal of Experimental Botany (69), 4379-4393. Tegeder, M., and Masclaux-Daubresse, C. (2018): Source and sink mechanisms of nitrogen transport and use, New Phytologist (217), 35-53.