An overview of the ORACLES (ObseRvations of Aerosols above CLouds and their intEractionS) project: aerosol–cloud–radiation interactions in the southeast Atlantic basin - Archive ouverte HAL
Article Dans Une Revue Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Année : 2021

An overview of the ORACLES (ObseRvations of Aerosols above CLouds and their intEractionS) project: aerosol–cloud–radiation interactions in the southeast Atlantic basin

Jens Redemann (1) , Robert Wood (2) , Paquita Zuidema (2) , Sarah J. Doherty (2) , Bernadette Luna (3) , Samuel E. Leblanc (3) , Michael S. Diamond (2) , Yohei Shinozuka (4) , Ian Y Chang (1) , Rei Ueyama (3) , Leonhard Pfister (3) , Ju-Mee Ryoo (3) , Amie N Dobracki (5) , Arlindo M. da Silva (6) , Karla M Longo (7) , Meloë S Kacenelenbogen (4) , Connor J Flynn (1) , Kristina Pistone (3) , Nichola M. Knox (8) , Stuart J. Piketh (9) , James M. Haywood (10) , Paola Formenti (11, 12) , Marc Mallet (13) , Philip Stier (14) , Andrew S Ackerman (15) , Susanne E Bauer (15) , Ann M Fridlind (15) , Gregory R Carmichael (16) , Pablo E. Saide (17) , Gonzalo A Ferrada (16) , Steven G Howell (18) , Steffen Freitag (18) , Brian Cairns (15) , Brent N. Holben (6) , Kirk D. Knobelspiesse (6) , Simone Tanelli (19) , Tristan S. L'Ecuyer (19) , Andrew M Dzambo (19) , Ousmane O. Sy (20) , Greg M. Mcfarquhar (1) , Michael R. Poellot (21) , Siddhant Gupta (1) , Joseph R O'Brien (21) , Athanasios Nenes , Mary Kacarab , Jenny P S Wong , Jennifer D Small-Griswold , Kenneth L Thornhill , David Noone , James R Podolske , K. Sebastian Schmidt , Peter Pilewskie , Hong Chen , Sabrina P Cochrane , Arthur J Sedlacek , Timothy J Lang , Eric Stith , Michal Segal-Rozenhaimer (3, 22) , Richard A. Ferrare , Sharon P. Burton , Chris A Hostetler , David J. Diner (20) , Felix C. Seidel (20) , Steven E. Platnick (6) , Jeffrey S. Myers (23) , Kerry G. Meyer (6) , Douglas A. Spangenberg (24) , Hal Maring (25) , Lan Gao (1)
1 OU - University of Oklahoma
2 University of Washington [Seattle]
3 ARC - NASA Ames Research Center
4 NASA
5 University of Miami
6 GSFC - NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
7 INPE - Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais
8 NUST - Namibia University of Science and Technology
9 NWU - North-West University [Potchefstroom]
10 University of Exeter
11 CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
12 LISA (UMR_7583) - Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques
13 GMGEC - Groupe de Météorologie de Grande Échelle et Climat
14 University of Oxford
15 GISS - NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies
16 University of Iowa [Iowa City]
17 UC - University of California
18 UHM - University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa]
19 University of Wisconsin-Madison
20 CALTECH - California Institute of Technology
21 NDSU - North Dakota State University
22 TAU - Tel Aviv University
23 UC Santa Cruz - University of California [Santa Cruz]
24 SSAI - Science Systems and Applications, Inc. [Hampton]
25 NASA Headquarters
Jens Redemann
University of Oklahoma
Robert Wood
University of Washington [Seattle]
Paquita Zuidema
University of Washington [Seattle]
Sarah J. Doherty
  • Fonction : Auteur
University of Washington [Seattle]
Bernadette Luna
  • Fonction : Auteur
NASA Ames Research Center
Samuel E. Leblanc
NASA Ames Research Center
Michael S. Diamond
University of Washington [Seattle]
Yohei Shinozuka
  • Fonction : Auteur
NASA
Ian Y Chang
University of Oklahoma
Rei Ueyama
  • Fonction : Auteur
NASA Ames Research Center
Leonhard Pfister
  • Fonction : Auteur
NASA Ames Research Center
Ju-Mee Ryoo
  • Fonction : Auteur
NASA Ames Research Center
Amie N Dobracki
  • Fonction : Auteur
University of Miami
Arlindo M. da Silva
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
Karla M Longo
  • Fonction : Auteur
Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais
Meloë S Kacenelenbogen
  • Fonction : Auteur
NASA
Connor J Flynn
  • Fonction : Auteur
University of Oklahoma
Kristina Pistone
NASA Ames Research Center
Nichola M. Knox
Namibia University of Science and Technology
Stuart J. Piketh
  • Fonction : Auteur
North-West University [Potchefstroom]
James M. Haywood
  • Fonction : Auteur
University of Exeter
Paola Formenti
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques
Marc Mallet
Groupe de Météorologie de Grande Échelle et Climat
Philip Stier
University of Oxford
Andrew S Ackerman
NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies
Susanne E Bauer
NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies
Ann M Fridlind
NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies
Gregory R Carmichael
  • Fonction : Auteur
University of Iowa [Iowa City]
Pablo E. Saide
University of California
Gonzalo A Ferrada
University of Iowa [Iowa City]
Steven G Howell
  • Fonction : Auteur
University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa]
Steffen Freitag
University of Hawai‘i [Mānoa]
Brian Cairns
  • Fonction : Auteur
NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies
Brent N. Holben
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
Kirk D. Knobelspiesse
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
Simone Tanelli
  • Fonction : Auteur
University of Wisconsin-Madison
Tristan S. L'Ecuyer
University of Wisconsin-Madison
Andrew M Dzambo
University of Wisconsin-Madison
Ousmane O. Sy
  • Fonction : Auteur
California Institute of Technology
Greg M. Mcfarquhar
University of Oklahoma
Michael R. Poellot
  • Fonction : Auteur
North Dakota State University
Siddhant Gupta
University of Oklahoma
Joseph R O'Brien
  • Fonction : Auteur
North Dakota State University
Athanasios Nenes
Mary Kacarab
  • Fonction : Auteur
Jenny P S Wong
  • Fonction : Auteur
Jennifer D Small-Griswold
Kenneth L Thornhill
  • Fonction : Auteur
David Noone
  • Fonction : Auteur
James R Podolske
  • Fonction : Auteur
K. Sebastian Schmidt
Peter Pilewskie
  • Fonction : Auteur
Hong Chen
Sabrina P Cochrane
  • Fonction : Auteur
Arthur J Sedlacek
Timothy J Lang
Eric Stith
  • Fonction : Auteur
Michal Segal-Rozenhaimer
  • Fonction : Auteur
NASA Ames Research Center
Tel Aviv University
Richard A. Ferrare
  • Fonction : Auteur
Sharon P. Burton
  • Fonction : Auteur
Chris A Hostetler
  • Fonction : Auteur
David J. Diner
  • Fonction : Auteur
California Institute of Technology
Felix C. Seidel
California Institute of Technology
Steven E. Platnick
  • Fonction : Auteur
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
Jeffrey S. Myers
  • Fonction : Auteur
University of California [Santa Cruz]
Kerry G. Meyer
  • Fonction : Auteur
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
Douglas A. Spangenberg
  • Fonction : Auteur
Science Systems and Applications, Inc. [Hampton]
Hal Maring
  • Fonction : Auteur
NASA Headquarters
Lan Gao
  • Fonction : Auteur
University of Oklahoma

Résumé

Abstract. Southern Africa produces almost a third of the Earth's biomass burning (BB) aerosol particles, yet the fate of these particles and their influence on regional and global climate is poorly understood. ORACLES (ObseRvations of Aerosols above CLouds and their intEractionS) is a 5-year NASA EVS-2 (Earth Venture Suborbital-2) investigation with three intensive observation periods designed to study key atmospheric processes that determine the climate impacts of these aerosols. During the Southern Hemisphere winter and spring (June–October), aerosol particles reaching 3–5 km in altitude are transported westward over the southeast Atlantic, where they interact with one of the largest subtropical stratocumulus (Sc) cloud decks in the world. The representation of these interactions in climate models remains highly uncertain in part due to a scarcity of observational constraints on aerosol and cloud properties, as well as due to the parameterized treatment of physical processes. Three ORACLES deployments by the NASA P-3 aircraft in September 2016, August 2017, and October 2018 (totaling ∼350 science flight hours), augmented by the deployment of the NASA ER-2 aircraft for remote sensing in September 2016 (totaling ∼100 science flight hours), were intended to help fill this observational gap. ORACLES focuses on three fundamental science themes centered on the climate effects of African BB aerosols: (a) direct aerosol radiative effects, (b) effects of aerosol absorption on atmospheric circulation and clouds, and (c) aerosol–cloud microphysical interactions. This paper summarizes the ORACLES science objectives, describes the project implementation, provides an overview of the flights and measurements in each deployment, and highlights the integrative modeling efforts from cloud to global scales to address science objectives. Significant new findings on the vertical structure of BB aerosol physical and chemical properties, chemical aging, cloud condensation nuclei, rain and precipitation statistics, and aerosol indirect effects are emphasized, but their detailed descriptions are the subject of separate publications. The main purpose of this paper is to familiarize the broader scientific community with the ORACLES project and the dataset it produced.

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Sciences de l'environnement
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Soumis le : vendredi 9 février 2024-20:19:36

Dernière modification le : jeudi 12 décembre 2024-03:37:24

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hal-04450097 , version 1 (09-02-2024)

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Jens Redemann, Robert Wood, Paquita Zuidema, Sarah J. Doherty, Bernadette Luna, et al.. An overview of the ORACLES (ObseRvations of Aerosols above CLouds and their intEractionS) project: aerosol–cloud–radiation interactions in the southeast Atlantic basin. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2021, 21 (3), pp.1507-1563. ⟨10.5194/acp-21-1507-2021⟩. ⟨hal-04450097⟩

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