During the first years after Guinea-Bissau‘s independence, the PAIGC developed a series of initiatives and structures based on a state-building project, in order to achieve effective sovereignty for the country. In the period between 1973 and the 1980 coup d‘état, the Ministry of National Education, under the aegis of Mário Cabral, created various adult literacy and popular education projects, among which the Círculos de Cultura stood out from 1975 onwards. Developed in partnership with teams from the Cultural Action Institute (IDAC) led by Brazilian professor Paulo Freire, and an essential local network of educators, these projects were part of a multi-temporal political projection between the past of the struggle, the postindependence present and the desired future for the country. In this context, a set of teaching materials was produced for the participants in the literacy process, but also for the cultural animators the trainers who run the Círculos de Cultura. These rich sources allow us to understand better not only the educational processes underway but also the political cosmology, the references to the recent past and the issues at stake, particularly in terms of production, characteristic of the post-independence period.