Hanyu jiezhuxing ganzhi dongci chutan : Yi yuyi ji lishi yanbian wei jinlu 汉语接触性感知动词初探:以语义及历时演变为进路. - Archive ouverte HAL Accéder directement au contenu
Chapitre D'ouvrage Année : 2024

A Study on Chinese verbs of proximal perception: Taking Semantics and Diachrony as an approach.

Hanyu jiezhuxing ganzhi dongci chutan : Yi yuyi ji lishi yanbian wei jinlu 汉语接触性感知动词初探:以语义及历时演变为进路.

Résumé

Abstract: Although the Chinese verbs of gustative and tactile perception, “尝” and “摸”, which we know well today, appeared already in Archaic or Medieval times, their precise perceptual meanings had not yet been stabilized in the language use at that time, and they could often be interpreted as perceptual meanings as well as other meanings at the same time. For example, in a sentence, “尝” can be interpreted as either the perceptual meaning of “taste” or the broader meaning of “eat”, “enjoy” or “try” (or “try to eat”), without being (or being difficult to be) specifically defined in a perceptual sense. Thus, in practical usage, the exact perceptual meaning has not yet been completely separated from other semantic categories to become effectively self-contained. After an analytical survey of the complex system of verbs of perception in the Chinese world with reference to Viberg’s hierarchy of sense modalities, this paper focuses on verbs of proximal perception and tries to explain why the perceptual meanings of taste and touch, compared to those of sight and hearing, gained precise expression/encoding later in the language, and how they are stabilized in verbs such as “尝” and “摸”. Based on the semantic analysis and the investigation of the diachronic evolution, this paper tries to understand and reveal, after the long Archaic and Medieval periods, which lexical or syntactic strategies of the modern period have finally managed to differentiate the exact perceptual meaning from the rich semantic network of the verbs themselves.
提要:今天我们熟知的味、触觉感知动词“尝”和“摸”,虽然在上古汉语或中古汉语时期已经出现,但其感知义却尚未在当时的语用中稳定下来,常常同时既可作感知义解,也可做它义。比如,一句话里,“尝”既可解为感知义的“品尝”,也可解为更宽泛的“吃”、“享用”或“试吃”,而无须或难以特别界定为感知义。因此,在实际语用中,确切的感知义尚未从其他语义范畴彻底分离出来,进而独立自足。本文在以Viberg的感觉模态等级为参照、扼要考察汉语世界中的感知动词这个复杂系统后, 专注于接触性感知动词,并试图解释,相较于视、听觉,缘何味、触觉的感知义在语言中较晚才获得确切表达,又是如何稳定于诸如“尝”、“摸”这样的感知动词。本文立足于语义分析,以历时演变为凭,尝试理解在经历了漫长的上古汉语时期、中古汉语时期之后,近代汉语时期的哪些词法或句法策略,最终将感知义从相关动词的丰富的语义网络中剥离出来。 关键词:接触性感知动词 尝 摸 语义分析 历史演变
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Dates et versions

hal-04389584 , version 1 (11-01-2024)

Identifiants

  • HAL Id : hal-04389584 , version 1

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Alain Peyraube, Thekla Wiebusch, Xiyin Zhou. Hanyu jiezhuxing ganzhi dongci chutan : Yi yuyi ji lishi yanbian wei jinlu 汉语接触性感知动词初探:以语义及历时演变为进路.. Rongxiang Yang. Hanyu Lishi cihui yufa yanjiu 汉语历史词汇语法研究., Commercial Press, In press. ⟨hal-04389584⟩
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