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Article Dans Une Revue Disaster Advances Année : 2023

Coastal vulnerability assessment for southeast coast of India using Coastal Hazard Wheel

Résumé

Rapid urbanization coupled with climate change increases the vulnerability of coastal areas to different types of hazards. To understand and assess the vulnerability of the coastal environments, a published methodology Coastal Hazard Wheel (CHW) was adopted for the coastal taluks of Tamil Nadu. This methodology provides information on vulnerability of the coast by five major hazards. They are: Ecosystem Disruption, Gradual Inundation, Saltwater intrusion, Coastal Erosion and Flooding. The vulnerability assessment is carried out based on the datasets namely geomorphology, wave exposure, tidal range, flora/fauna, sediment balance and climate. The coastal regions of Tamil Nadu are evaluated based on the vulnerability severity levels of the hazards. The assessment depicts that 46% of the Tamil Nadu coastline is highly vulnerable to flooding, making flooding the most prevalent coastal hazard. About 10% of the coastal areas have very high vulnerability to saltwater intrusion, 43% of the coastal areas have high vulnerability to erosion, 54% of the coastal areas have high vulnerability to gradual inundation and 58% of the coastal areas are moderately vulnerable to ecosystem disruption. These appraisals are useful to support management decisions at local, regional and national level for the coastal management, mitigation and adaptation in response to climate and sea level change. Four types of ecosystems are based on their habitat type and distribution. They are marine, estuarine, coastal interface and coastal freshwater. The habitats on these ecosystems vary depending on their adaptability. These ecosystems also provide protection to coasts from the effects of climate change. They act as a basin during flooding from high rainfall and storm surges. Carbon sequestered within oceans is called blue carbon. Mangroves and salt marshes act as a reservoir of this carbon. Only 2% of the earth surface is covered by these ecosystems but stores ten times more carbon per unit area than other ecosystems. Non climatic pressure on ecosystems also increases rapidly due to rapid urbanization, industrial and agricultural outlets.
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Dates et versions

hal-04384424 , version 1 (10-01-2024)

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Citer

Kasthuri Bavinaya Palpanabhan, Prabhakaran Moorthy, Usha Tune, Gowrappan Muthusankar, Lakshumanan Chokkalingam. Coastal vulnerability assessment for southeast coast of India using Coastal Hazard Wheel. Disaster Advances, 2023, 17 (2), pp.23-30. ⟨10.25303/172da023030⟩. ⟨hal-04384424⟩
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