General Comment No. 24 on State Obligations under the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights in the Context of Business Activities: The Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights has played its part - Archive ouverte HAL Accéder directement au contenu
Article Dans Une Revue Revue québécoise de droit international Année : 2018

General Comment No. 24 on State Obligations under the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights in the Context of Business Activities: The Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights has played its part

Résumé

In the context of discussions on the elaboration of an international legally binding instrument on transnational corporations and other business enterprises with respect to human rights, the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights adopted in 2017 the General Comment No. 24 on State Obligations under the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights in the Context of Business Activities. Going against neoliberal logic, the Committee promotes a welfare state that effectively circumscribes economic freedoms and that resolutely protects vulnerable populations. Among various interpretations of instruments and extraterritorial obligations, the Committee clearly chooses a teleological interpretation, without disrupting the economy of the treaty, but by decidedly opting for the control of transnational businesses by way of the only actors it can reach, given its mandate : States. The extraterritorial obligation to protect consists mainly in adopting reasonable measures (duty of diligence, judicial cooperation, fight against fiscal optimization) to prevent violations of the Covenant by a private business that the State can influence.
En el contexto de negociaciones sobre la elaboración de un instrumento internacional jurídicamente vinculante sobre las empresas transnacionales y otras empresas con respecto a los derechos humanos, el Comité de Derechos Económicos, Sociales y Culturales adoptó en 2017 la Observación general núm. 24 (2017) sobre las obligaciones de los Estados en virtud del Pacto Internacional de Derechos Económicos, Sociales y Culturales en el contexto de las actividades empresariales. A contracorriente de la lógica neoliberal, el Comité promueve un estado de bienestar que regula las libertades económicas y que protege las poblaciones vulnerables. Ante las interpretaciones diversas de las obligaciones extraterritoriales, el Comité elige claramente la interpretación teológica, sin alterar el espíritu del tratado, pero optando para el control de las empresas transnacionales por el único actor que pueda alcanzar : el Estado. La obligación extraterritorial de proteger consiste principalmente en la adopción de medidas razonables (deber de diligencia, cooperación judicial, lucha contra la optimización fiscal) para evitar violaciones del Pacto por parte de una empresa privada que el Estado pueda influir.

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hal-04335826 , version 1 (02-02-2024)

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  • HAL Id : hal-04335826 , version 1

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Sophie Grosbon. General Comment No. 24 on State Obligations under the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights in the Context of Business Activities: The Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights has played its part. Revue québécoise de droit international, 2018, 31 (2), pp.23-38. ⟨hal-04335826⟩
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