Novel nanostructured metallic thin films deposited by pulsed laser deposition with enhanced mechanical properties
Résumé
In recent years, thin metallic films have become increasingly important for several industrial
applications due to the activation of mechanical size effects enabling a mutual combination of large yield
strength and ductility [1,2]. However, the correlation between atomic/micro-structure and mechanical
behavior is still not fully grasped and the research on new nanostructures with improved mechanical
properties is still ongoing.
In this context, pulsed laser deposition (PLD) offers vast and, so far, poorly exploited possibilities
enabling an accurate control of the film morphology by
simply playing with the deposition pressure. Specifically,
films deposited in vacuum possess a compact morphology
due to the atom-by-atom growth caused by the high
energies within the plasma plume. On the other hand, the
addition of a background gas reduces the plasma energy
causing the formation of small atomic clusters inside the
plume and leading to a nanogranular morphology (clusterassembled
growth) [3].
In this talk, I will show the potential of PLD for the
synthesis and mechanical characterization of two classes
of emerging metallic thin films, namely thin film metallic glasses (TFMGs) and complex compositional
alloys (CCAs) thin films.
Firstly, I will cover the results involving the synthesis and the mechanical behavior of ZrCuAlx TFMGs
with different compositions (x = 0,5,8,13 %at.) and morphologies (compact and nanogranular). I will
show that our films are ~10% denser than literature counterparts (8.3 g/cm3 vs 7.4 g/cm3 [4]), while
possessing a unique self-assembled nanolayered structure with local chemical enrichments alternating
ZrCu and Al rich nanolayers (Figure 1). This leads to a ~30% higher elastic modulus (E) and hardness (H)
compared to sputter-deposited and bulk counterparts [4] as well as to a larger onset of crack formation
up to 1.3% when deformed in tension on polymeric substrates.
In the second part of the seminar, I will present preliminary results focusing on AlxCoCrCuFeNi CCA
thin films deposited by PLD with different compositions (x = 0,9,16 %at.) and morphologies, i.e., compact
and nanogranular. PLD films possess an FCC nanocrystalline structure with tunable crystallite size which
can be controlled by the deposition parameters and leading to enhanced E and H vs sputter-deposited
films [6]. In addition, films PLD CCA films report an exceptionally high (>3.5%) onset of crack formation
when deformed on polymer substrate as a result of high energy of the deposition process, leading to
strong adhesion and preventing crack activation and percolation.
Overall, the presented results show the potential of PLD to synthetize a novel class of metallic thin
films with tunable mechanical properties and large interest as structural coatings.
References
[1] J. P. Chu et al., Thin Solid Films, 16, 2012; [2] Y. Zou et al., Nat. Commun., 6, 2015;
[3] M. Ghidelli et al,, Acta Mater., 213, 2021; [4] P. Yu et al., Mater. Sci. Eng. a, 45, 2008;
[5] A. Brognara et al., Mater. Des., 219, 2022; [6] B. Braeckman et al., Surf. Coat., 315, 2017.
Figure 1: HRTEM (a) and STEM (b) images of a compact ZrCuAl8 film
highlighting the Al-rich layers (in yellow).