Integrating Blockchain Technology with PKI for Secure and Interoperable Communication in 5G and Beyond Vehicular Networks
Résumé
Security and privacy are crucial in V2X networks due to sensitive user information. Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) is widely used in C-ITS to ensure security and privacy. However, the practical implementation of PKI faces challenges in achieving seamless communication across diverse ITS projects worldwide. The absence of interoperability between PKI systems and unresolved issues in existing PKI standards hinder global adoption. Despite available security standardizations using centralized PKI technology for V2X, a universally adopted PKI-based security architecture is necessary. Furthermore, the progress made in 5G V2X technology has demonstrated significant potential for revolutionizing V2X communication in the future. Enhancing the level of trust through integration of the 5G Core Network (5GC) into the PKI security mechanism can lead to more secure and efficient V2X communication. To address these challenges, we propose a blockchain-based architecture that integrates the 5GC network with the PKI infrastructure, aiming to enhance privacy and security in 5G V2X communication. Our solution is designed to be distributed and interoperable, aligned with existing ETSI ITS PKI standard. By utilizing Hyperledger Fabric (HLF) platform, a permissioned blockchain framework, we present the architecture and conduct a comprehensive security analysis to ensure compliance with security and privacy requirements of V2X communications.
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