The French overseas territories mentioned in this book extend over geographically dispersed island environments and possess plurilingual and pluricultural identities as well as distinct social realities and expectations. Yet local educational programmes, with the exception of minor adaptations, use the French national curriculum designed on the basis of the needs and realities of metropolitan France. This edited volume, based on the research of seventeen contributors, sets out to explore how education in these environments can be made more relevant. By first attempting to grasp the reality of these territories and understand their inalienable originality, it suggests and explores solutions, offering contextualised educational opportunities.