The tower tombs of the Oman peninsula (Emirates and Oman) were originally seen as an isolated “Hafit” cultural manifestation but now seem to form the eastern distribution of a much wider monumental funerary complex that materialized across Jordan, Sinai, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, and Kuwait. 1) What is known about the “Stone to Bronze Age” transition? 2) How does Eastern Arabia’s first monumental tombs relate to the similar monumental tombs across Arabia? 3) What were the lifestyles of the tomb builders? 4) How was the Oman peninsula culturally and physically connected to Yemen, Saudi and Jordan in the “Hafit” period? 5) What are the major unknowns in our understanding of the earliest Bronze Age? and 6) How can we better address them in future research?