Pembrolizumab as Second-Line Therapy for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Longer-Term Follow-Up From the Phase 3 KEYNOTE-240 Trial - Archive ouverte HAL Accéder directement au contenu
Article Dans Une Revue Liver Cancer Année : 2023

Pembrolizumab as Second-Line Therapy for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Longer-Term Follow-Up From the Phase 3 KEYNOTE-240 Trial

Masatoshi Kudo
Julien Edeline
Mohamed Bouattour
Ann-Lii Cheng
Jennifer Knox
Bruno Daniele
Ho Yeong Lim
Sadahisa Ogasawara
Yee Chao
Iván Martinez-Forero
  • Fonction : Auteur
Ziwen Wei
  • Fonction : Auteur
C Liu
Richard Finn

Résumé

Introduction: KEYNOTE-240 showed a favorable benefit/risk profile for pembrolizumab versus placebo in patients with sorafenib-treated advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, prespecified statistical significance criteria for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) superiority were not met at the final analysis. Outcomes based on an additional 18 months of follow-up are reported. Methods: Adults with sorafenib-treated advanced HCC were randomized 2:1 to pembrolizumab 200 mg intravenously every 3 weeks or placebo. Dual primary endpoints were OS and PFS assessed per RECIST v1.1 by blinded independent central review (BICR). Secondary endpoints included objective response rate (ORR), assessed per RECIST v1.1 by BICR, and safety. Results: 413 patients were randomized (pembrolizumab, n = 278; placebo, n = 135). As of July 13, 2020, median (range) time from randomization to data cutoff was 39.6 (31.7–48.8) months for pembrolizumab and 39.8 (31.7–47.8) months for placebo. Estimated OS rates (95% CI) were 17.7% (13.4–22.5%) for pembrolizumab and 11.7% (6.8–17.9%) for placebo at 36 months. The estimated PFS rate (95% CI) for pembrolizumab was 8.9% (5.3–13.6%) and 0% for placebo at 36 months. ORR (95% CI) was 18.3% (14.0–23.4%) for pembrolizumab and 4.4% (1.6–9.4%) for placebo. Immune-mediated hepatitis events did not increase with follow-up. No viral hepatitis flare events were reported. Conclusion: With extended follow-up, pembrolizumab continued to maintain improvement in OS and PFS and was associated with a consistent adverse event profile compared with placebo in patients with sorafenib-treated advanced HCC. Although KEYNOTE-240 did not meet prespecified statistical significance criteria at the final analysis, these results together with the antitumor activity of second-line pembrolizumab observed in KEYNOTE-224 and the statistically significant and clinically meaningful OS and PFS benefits of second-line pembrolizumab in patients from Asia observed in KEYNOTE-394 reinforce the clinical activity of pembrolizumab in previously treated patients with advanced HCC.
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Dates et versions

hal-04265920 , version 1 (31-10-2023)

Identifiants

Citer

Philippe Merle, Masatoshi Kudo, Julien Edeline, Mohamed Bouattour, Ann-Lii Cheng, et al.. Pembrolizumab as Second-Line Therapy for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Longer-Term Follow-Up From the Phase 3 KEYNOTE-240 Trial. Liver Cancer, 2023, 12 (4), pp.309-320. ⟨10.1159/000529636⟩. ⟨hal-04265920⟩
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