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Article Dans Une Revue Frontiers in Immunology Année : 2022

Differential activation of human neutrophils by SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern

Samuel Lebourgeois
  • Fonction : Auteur
Ambroise David
  • Fonction : Auteur
Houssem Redha Chenane
  • Fonction : Auteur
Vanessa Granger
  • Fonction : Auteur
Reyene Menidjel
  • Fonction : Auteur
Nadhira Fidouh
  • Fonction : Auteur
Benoît Noël
  • Fonction : Auteur
Clémence Richetta
  • Fonction : Auteur
Charlotte Charpentier
  • Fonction : Auteur
Sylvie Chollet-Martin
  • Fonction : Auteur
Diane Descamps
  • Fonction : Auteur
Benoit Visseaux
  • Fonction : Auteur
Luc de Chaisemartin
  • Fonction : Auteur

Résumé

The emerging SARS-CoV-2 virus has affected the entire world with over 600 million confirmed cases and 6.5 million deaths as of September 2022. Since the beginning of the pandemic, several variants of SARS-CoV-2 have emerged, with different infectivity and virulence. Several studies suggest an important role of neutrophils in SARS-Cov-2 infection severity, but data about direct activation of neutrophils by the virus is scarce. Here, we studied the in vitro activation of human neutrophils by SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs). In our work, we show that upon stimulation with SARS-Cov-2 infectious particles, human healthy resting neutrophils upregulate activation markers, degranulate IL-8, produce Reactive Oxygen Species and release Neutrophil Extracellular Traps. Neutrophil activation was dependent on TLR7/8 and IRF3/STING. We then compared the activation potential of neutrophils by SARS-CoV-2 variants and showed a significantly increased activation by the Delta variant and a decreased activation by the Omicron variant as compared to the initial strain. In this study, we demonstrate that the SARS-Cov-2 virus can directly activate neutrophils in COVID-19 and that the different VOCs had differences in neutrophil activation intensity that mirror the differences of clinical severity. These data highlight the need to address neutrophil-virus interactions as a potential target for therapeutic intervention in SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Dates et versions

hal-04253767 , version 1 (27-10-2023)

Identifiants

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Samuel Lebourgeois, Ambroise David, Houssem Redha Chenane, Vanessa Granger, Reyene Menidjel, et al.. Differential activation of human neutrophils by SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. Frontiers in Immunology, 2022, 13, ⟨10.3389/fimmu.2022.1010140⟩. ⟨hal-04253767⟩
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