The impact of outgassing on the nano-oxides kinetics of ferritic oxide dispersion strengthened steel
Résumé
Oxide Dispersion Strengthened (ODS) steels are studied for their application in fission and fusion nuclear power
plants. These steels are processed by powder metallurgy involving a high energy milling of Fe-Cr with oxides
powders, followed by outgassing and hot consolidation. The temperature increase during these last two stages
triggers the precipitation of a fine dispersion of nano-oxides. The outgassing stage is generally conducted at
temperature between 300 and 800 ◦C for several hours, which can already trigger the formation of nano-oxides,
and thus may have an influence on the final nano-oxide characteristics. In this work we assess the nano-oxides
size by Small Angle X-Ray Scattering (SAXS) and get insight on the nano-oxides chemical and structural properties by comparison between SAXS and Atom Probe Tomography (APT) during a thermal treatment at 700 ◦C for
5 h, simulating the outgassing stage. We show that despite that the nano-oxides slightly grow during the 700 ◦C
heating, the final properties of the nano-oxides in term of size and number density are extremely close to those
where no 700 ◦C isothermal was applied. Moreover, the growth rate of the nano-oxides is surprisingly higher at
700 ◦C than 1100 ◦C. APT and SAXS comparison shows that the nano-oxides do not stabilize in terms of stoichiometry and structure in the studied conditions, and that a small quantity of Al remain in the precipitates
during this 700 ◦C isothermal treatment. Both of these factors could influence the nano-oxides kinetics at low
temperature.
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