Optimal sizing of a globally distributed low carbon cloud federation
Résumé
The carbon footprint of IT technologies has been a significant concern in recent
years. This concern mainly focuses on the electricity consumption of data
centers; many cloud suppliers commit to using 100% of renewable energy
sources. However, this approach neglects the impact of device manufacturing.
We consider in this paper the question of dimensioning the renewable energy
sources of a geographically distributed cloud with considering the carbon
impact of both the grid electricity consumption in the considered locations
and the manufacturing of solar panels and batteries. We design a linear
program to optimize cloud dimensioning over one year, considering worldwide
locations for data centers, real-life workload traces, and solar irradiation
values. Our results show a carbon footprint reduction of about 30% compared
to a cloud fully supplied by solar energy and of 85% compared to the 100%
grid electricity model.
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