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Article Dans Une Revue Frontiers in Environmental Science Année : 2022

Space-based Earth observation in support of the UNFCCC Paris Agreement

1 Department of Meteorology [Reading]
2 MPI-BGC - Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry
3 IUP - Institute of Environmental Physics [Bremen]
4 College of Life and Environmental Sciences [Exeter]
5 NCEO - NERC National Centre for Earth Observation
6 JSC - Jülich Supercomputing Centre
7 SoMaS - School of Mathematics and Statistics [Sheffield]
8 Federal Office for the Environment
9 ECMWF - European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts
10 LEGOS - Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales
11 UAH - Universidad de Alcalá - University of Alcalá
12 LSCE - Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette]
13 JPL - Jet Propulsion Laboratory
14 IITM - Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology
15 GFZ - German Research Centre for Geosciences - Helmholtz-Centre Potsdam
16 TU Dresden - Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology
17 Swedish Environmental Protection Agency
18 Sierra Leone Meteorological Agency, Freetown
19 UBA - German Federal Environmental Agency / Umweltbundesamt
20 ENVEO - Environmental Earth Observation IT GmbH
21 Department of Geography [Zürich]
22 DLR - Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt
23 MOHC - Met Office Hadley Centre
24 Centre interprofessionnel technique d'études de la pollution atmosphérique
25 German Weather Service
26 GEO - Group on Earth Observations
27 Planet, Harlem
28 UMR ISPA - Interactions Sol Plante Atmosphère
29 School of Ocean Sciences, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Bangor University,
Mendy van der Vliet
  • Fonction : Auteur

Résumé

Space-based Earth observation (EO), in the form of long-term climate data records, has been crucial in the monitoring and quantification of slow changes in the climate system-from accumulating greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the atmosphere, increasing surface temperatures, and melting sea-ice, glaciers and ice sheets, to rising sea-level. In addition to documenting a changing climate, EO is needed for effective policy making, implementation and monitoring, and ultimately to measure progress and achievements towards the overarching goals of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) Paris Agreement to combat climate change. The best approach for translating EO into actionable information for policymakers and other stakeholders is, however, far from clear. For example, climate change is now self-evident through increasingly intense and frequent extreme events-heatwaves, droughts, wildfires, and flooding-costing human lives and significant economic damage, even though single events do not constitute "climate". EO can capture and visualize the impacts of such events in single images, and thus help quantify and ultimately manage them within the framework of the UNFCCC Paris Agreement, both at the national level (via the Enhanced Transparency Framework) and global level (via the Global Stocktake). We present a transdisciplinary perspective, across policy and science, and also theory and practice, that sheds light on the potential of EO to inform mitigation, including sinks and reservoirs of greenhouse gases, and adaptation, including loss and damage. Yet to be successful with this new mandate, EO science must undergo a radical overhaul: it must become more user-oriented, collaborative, and transdisciplinary; span the range from fiducial to contextual data; and embrace new technologies for data analysis (e.g., artificial intelligence). Only this will allow the creation of the knowledge base and actionable climate information needed to guide the UNFCCC Paris Agreement to a just and equitable success.
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Dates et versions

hal-04219470 , version 1 (27-09-2023)

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Paternité

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Michaela I Hegglin, Ana Bastos, Heinrich Bovensmann, Michael Buchwitz, Dominic Fawcett, et al.. Space-based Earth observation in support of the UNFCCC Paris Agreement. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 2022, 10, ⟨10.3389/fenvs.2022.941490⟩. ⟨hal-04219470⟩
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