La supplémentation en acides aminés spécifiques améliore les performances de croissance des porcelets en post-sevrage dans un modèle d'infection naturelle - Archive ouverte HAL Accéder directement au contenu
Communication Dans Un Congrès Année : 2022

Supplementation of specific amino acids improves growth performance of post-weaning piglets in a natural disease challenge model

La supplémentation en acides aminés spécifiques améliore les performances de croissance des porcelets en post-sevrage dans un modèle d'infection naturelle

Résumé

A natural model disease challenge was developed to mimic pathogenic pressure on commercial farms, in particular porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS). Based on the amino-acid (AA) composition of several immunoglobulins and acute-phase proteins, a control diet (CON) was compared to an amino-acid-enriched diet (AA+; respectively, +9%, 16%, 27% and 19% for lysine, threonine, tryptophan and valine). Five successive batches of 60 piglets each were included in the experiment at a weaning age of 21 days and received the control (N=150) and treatment (N=150) diets ad libitum for 4 weeks. Blood samples were collected for non- targeted metabolomic analyses at the end of each post-weaning batch. Daily feed intake and water consumption of individuals were monitored. Pigs were weighed daily post-weaning and every 3 weeks until slaughter. Animal health was scored on day 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28. Results showed increased body weight (+5%, P=0.014), average daily gain (+12.6%, P=0.002), average daily feed intake (+7%, P=0.01) in the AA+ piglets, whereas feed conversion ratio and water consumption were not influenced by the treatment. The health score of piglets decreased significantly from day 0-14 (P<0.001), but no effect of diet was observed. Metabolomic analyses showed an increase in AA and derivatives of valine, threonine and tryptophan in AA+ group. Piglets given a boost of specific and functional AA can improve their growth and feed intake and performance despite PRRS pressure on their immune system.
Un modèle naturel de challenge a été développé pour imiter la pression des agents pathogènes dans les fermes commerciales et notamment le syndrome dysgénique et respiratoire porcin (SDRP). Suivant la composition en acides aminés (AA) de plusieurs immunoglobulines et protéines de la phase aiguë, un régime témoin a été comparé à un régime enrichi en AA (AA+) (respectivement, +9, 16, 27 et 19 % pour lysine, thréonine, tryptophane et valine). Cinq lots successifs de 60 porcelets de 21 jours d'âge ont reçu les régimes Témoin (N=150) et enrichi en AA+ (N=150) ad libitum pendant quatre semaines. Des échantillons de sang ont été récoltés pour des analyses métabolomiques non-ciblées à la fin de chaque lot de post-sevrage. La prise alimentaire individuelle et la consommation d'eau quotidienne ont été mesurées. Les porcs ont été pesés quotidiennement en post-sevrage et ensuite toutes les trois semaines jusqu'à l'abattage. La santé des animaux a été évaluée aux jours 0, 7, 14, 21 et 28 post-challenge. Les résultats ont montré une augmentation du poids corporel en sortie de post-sevrage (+5%, P=0,014), du gain moyen quotidien (+12,6%, P=0,002), de la prise alimentaire quotidienne (+7%, P=0,01) chez les porcelets AA+. Le score de santé s'est détérioré du jour 0 au jour 14 (P<0,001) sans effet du régime alimentaire. Les analyses de métabolomiques ont montré une augmentation des AA et dérivés de la valine, de la thréonine et du tryptophane dans le groupe AA+. Les porcelets recevant une supplémentation d'AA spécifiques peuvent améliorer leur croissance et leur prise alimentaire malgré la pression exercée par le SDRP sur leur système immunitaire. Supplementation of specific amino acids improves growth performance of post-weaning piglets in a natural disease challenge model A natural model disease challenge was developed to mimic pathogenic pressure on commercial farms, in particular porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS). Based on the amino-acid (AA) composition of several immunoglobulins and acutephase proteins, a control diet (CON) was compared to an amino-acid-enriched diet (AA+; respectively, +9%, 16%, 27% and 19% for lysine, threonine, tryptophan and valine). Five successive batches of 60 piglets each were included in the experiment at a weaning age of 21 days and received the control (N=150) and treatment (N=150) diets ad libitum for 4 weeks. Blood samples were collected for non-targeted metabolomic analyses at the end of each post-weaning batch. Daily feed intake and water consumption of individuals were monitored. Pigs were weighed daily post-weaning and every 3 weeks until slaughter. Animal health was scored on day 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28. Results showed increased body weight (+5%, P=0.014), average daily gain (+12.6%, P=0.002), average daily feed intake (+7%, P=0.01) in the AA+ piglets, whereas feed conversion ratio and water consumption were not influenced by the treatment. The health score of piglets decreased significantly from day 0-14 (P<0.001), but no effect of diet was observed. Metabolomic analyses showed an increase in AA and derivatives of valine, threonine and tryptophan in AA+ group. Piglets given a boost of specific and functional AA can improve their growth and feed intake and performance despite PRRS pressure on their immune system.
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hal-04215285 , version 1 (22-09-2023)

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  • HAL Id : hal-04215285 , version 1

Citer

Mihai-Victor Curtasu, Benedict Yanibada, Angel René Alfonso-Avila, Tristan Chalvon-Demersay, Marie-Pierre Létourneau Montminy. La supplémentation en acides aminés spécifiques améliore les performances de croissance des porcelets en post-sevrage dans un modèle d'infection naturelle. 54es Journées de la Recherche Porcine, Ifip; Inrae, Feb 2022, En ligne, France. pp.351-356. ⟨hal-04215285⟩

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