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Article Dans Une Revue Toxins Année : 2022

Venomics Reveals a Non-Compartmentalised Venom Gland in the Early Diverged Vermivorous Conus distans

Jutty Rajan Prashanth
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Subash Kumar Rai
Richard J Lewis

Résumé

The defensive use of cone snail venom is hypothesised to have first arisen in ancestral worm-hunting snails and later repurposed in a compartmentalised venom duct to facilitate the dietary shift to molluscivory and piscivory. Consistent with its placement in a basal lineage, we demonstrate that the C. distans venom gland lacked distinct compartmentalisation. Transcriptomics revealed C. distans expressed a wide range of structural classes, with inhibitory cysteine knot (ICK)-containing peptides dominating. To better understand the evolution of the venom gland compartmentalisation, we compared C. distans to C. planorbis, the earliest diverging species from which a defence-evoked venom has been obtained, and fish-hunting C. geographus from the Gastridium subgenus that injects distinct defensive and predatory venoms. These comparisons support the hypothesis that venom gland compartmentalisation arose in worm-hunting species and enabled repurposing of venom peptides to facilitate the dietary shift from vermivory to molluscivory and piscivory in more recently diverged cone snail lineages.
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hal-04185884 , version 1 (23-08-2023)

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Jutty Rajan Prashanth, Sebastien Dutertre, Subash Kumar Rai, Richard J Lewis. Venomics Reveals a Non-Compartmentalised Venom Gland in the Early Diverged Vermivorous Conus distans. Toxins, 2022, 14 (3), pp.226. ⟨10.3390/toxins14030226⟩. ⟨hal-04185884⟩
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