Géologie et géochimie de la carrière de la Corderie (Marseille) : implications pour la caractérisation et la provenance des matériaux lithiques antiques - Archive ouverte HAL Accéder directement au contenu
Article Dans Une Revue Géologie de la France Année : 2022

Géologie et géochimie de la carrière de la Corderie (Marseille) : implications pour la caractérisation et la provenance des matériaux lithiques antiques

Résumé

The archaeological excavations and the subsequent construction site carried on in 2017 and 2018 allowed an integrative geological study (structure, sedimentology, microfacies, isotope geochemistry) of the Oligocene limestone from the ancient quarry of La Corderie (Marseille, south of the Vieux-Port) to be performed. The limestones exploited from the 6th century BC to the first centuries of our era are located in contact with a fault zone bordering the Notre-Dame-de-la-Garde massif. A continuous section (14 meters) of Oligocene lacustrine sediments, subdivided into 3 lithostratigraphic units, has been analyzed: 1) the base of the section is made up of white-beige, grainy, massive and chalky limestone representing the top part of the "Saint-Victor limestone unit" exploited in antiquity around the Saint-Victor abbey; 2) the middle part is made up of breccias with a marly matrix, marls and clay (“Corderie marl and clay unit”) and 3) chalky beige-orange limestones, in the upper part (“Unit of limestones de la Corderie”) constitutes the interval exploites at the Corderie quarry. Seven lithofacies were identified on this section. The Corderie limestones are dominated by an association of 2 microfacies including planar stromatolites and laminar scalloped microbialites with alveolar structures. The top of the Saint-Victor limestones is made up of a grainstone with micritized peloids and bioclasts showing sparse plane-parallel micritic laminae. The sedimentological results enabled reconstructing a paleoenvironmental model, common for the whole studied section, of a shallow, marginal carbonate lake subjected to gravity-driven sediment influx from the Notre-Dame-de-la-Garde massif. The isotope signatures (carbon and oxygen) of the carbonates suggest a hydrologically closed lake with a low area/depth ratio. The distinct signatures between the two carbonate units suggest a different origin and possibly different temperature of the waters feeding the lake. This last criterion could prove discriminating in the studies of provenance of archaeological materials, for distinguishing the la Corderie and Saint-Victor limestones.
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  • HAL Id : hal-04178816 , version 1

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François Fournier, Philippe Mellinand, Michel Villeneuve. Géologie et géochimie de la carrière de la Corderie (Marseille) : implications pour la caractérisation et la provenance des matériaux lithiques antiques. Géologie de la France, 2022, 1, pp.11-27. ⟨hal-04178816⟩
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