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Communication Dans Un Congrès Année : 2023

Periphytic and sediment microbiomes in aquatic ecotoxicology: current challenges and perspectives

Aymeric Dabrin
Mélissa Eon
  • Fonction : Auteur
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Christelle Margoum
Cecile Miege
Soizic Morin
Stéphane Pesce

Résumé

One major challenge of ecotoxicology is to better understand the causal links between exposure to chemical mixtures and the impairment of ecosystem functions and services in a multi-stress context. To this aim, aquatic microbial communities are increasingly used because of their high taxonomic and functional diversity and their key role in multiple ecosystem processes. Hence, the last decades have seen the implementation of in situ and laboratory experiments associated to the development of various descriptors at the physiological/functional and structural levels to unravel the response of these assemblages to various chemical stresses (i.e. macropollutants, organic and inorganic micropollutants, and to further improve biomonitoring of freshwater ecosystem chemical and ecological qualities. Despite increasing knowledge, a strong research effort is still needed to gain understanding of acclimation/adaptation/tolerance mechanisms to better assess and even predict the taxonomic and functional resilience of these communities facing chemical stresses in the global change context and further develop specific biological markers of water quality impairment. Current challenges include (i) a better understanding of the links of biological responses throughout temporal scale (from early responses to chronic) and biological organization (from molecular to individual, population and community responses), (ii) an assessment of the role of phenotypic plasticity and functional redundancy in community resilience to chemical stresses under global change. Such an assessment would be facilitated by the definition of baseline variability, which needs the identification of the environmental factors that drive the spatial and temporal heterogeneity in microbial communities, at both structural and functional levels. During the last two decades, research units from INRAE (former Cemagref, Irstea) have widely contributed to the field of microbial ecotoxicology focusing on periphytic and sediment microbial communities to address both fundamental and practical research questions along the exposure-fate-effects continuum. These researches overall support a better understanding of the role of aquatic microbial communities in the fate of organic and inorganic chemicals (toxicokinetic) and their response to chemical exposure at structural and functional levels (toxicodynamic). These researches also strongly support the improvement of biomonitoring of the chemical and ecological quality of contaminated aquatic ecosystems. For both purpose, numerous structural (e.g. teratogenesis, distribution of tolerant vs sensitive species) and functional (e.g. tolerance and biodegradation capacities) have been developed and implemented under controlled conditions and in the field. The development and implementation of innovative omics approaches are currently tested as potential early and sensitive markers of exposure and effects at the community level (e.g. metabolomics, lipidomics). Current advantages and limitations of these approaches will be illustrated and discussed based on recent and ongoing projects.
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Dates et versions

hal-04173305 , version 1 (28-07-2023)

Identifiants

  • HAL Id : hal-04173305 , version 1

Citer

Nicolas Creusot, Chloé Bonnineau, Marina Coquery, Aymeric Dabrin, Mélissa Eon, et al.. Periphytic and sediment microbiomes in aquatic ecotoxicology: current challenges and perspectives. 1ère Journée Microbiome de l'Ifremer, Jun 2023, Nantes, France. ⟨hal-04173305⟩
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