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Article Dans Une Revue European Journal of Endocrinology Année : 2013

Insulin and type 1 diabetes: immune connections

Résumé

Insulin is the hormone produced by pancreatic β-cells, with a central role in carbohydrate and fat metabolism. Together with its precursors preproinsulin and proinsulin, insulin is also a key target antigen (Ag) of the autoimmune islet destruction leading to type 1 diabetes. Being recognized by both autoantibodies (aAbs) and autoreactive T cells, insulin plays a triggering role, at least in rodent models, in diabetes pathogenesis. It is expressed not only by β-cells but also in the thymus, where it plays a major role in central tolerance mechanisms. We will summarize current knowledge concerning insulin, its role in β-cell autoimmunity as initial target Ag, its recognition by aAbs and autoreactive T cells, and the detection of these immune responses to provide biomarkers for clinical trials employing insulin as an immune modulatory agent.

Domaines

Immunologie

Dates et versions

hal-04147374 , version 1 (30-06-2023)

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Citer

Slobodan Culina, Vedran Brezar, Roberto Mallone. Insulin and type 1 diabetes: immune connections. European Journal of Endocrinology, 2013, 168 (2), pp.R19-R31. ⟨10.1530/EJE-12-0693⟩. ⟨hal-04147374⟩
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