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N°Spécial De Revue/Special Issue International Journal of Psychophysiology Année : 2023

Cognitive incapacitation: theoretical and methodological considerations

Résumé

In aeronautics, cognitive incapacitation is recognized as a contributing factor in several aircraft accidents, according to the office of technical investigations of civil aviation accidents and incidents (BEA). Cognitive incapacitation is a state during which an individual’s cognitive abilities are temporarily impaired, due, for example, to mental overload, cognitive fatigue, or important stress (Dehais et al., 2019; 2020). Initially introduced and defined by Jerome Lederer (see Orlady, 1984), cognitive incapacitation is a subclass of all-causes incapacitation that can occur to a pilot, temporarily or permanently, partially or completely, and whose origins can be physiological or psychological. Cognitive incapacitation is a well-identified operational concept, but it can be consecutive to numerous phenomena, such as cognitive (over)load, stress, and mental fatigue, leading to inefficient, inappropriate or dangerous behaviors involving action or inaction, associated with failures of control, comprehension, perception, or judgment. As such, its theoretical delimitation and its operational definition deserve to be clarified. In the first part of this talk, we will briefly review the current literature concerning this phenomenon and how it relates to the broader field of mental fatigue. Early detecting and preventing this phenomenon of cognitive incapacitation is crucial for the selection and training of pilots and for general safety. Few studies have specifically examined this question using psychophysiological markers to early detect and better understand it. In the second part of this talk, we will present the most used behavioral and physiological correlates investigated so far, monitoring brain activity (EEG, fNIRS), ocular activity (eye-tracking) and cardiac activity (ECG). Finally, we will discuss the difficulty to investigate this phenomenon in the laboratory and the promises and limits of integrating all the above mentioned tools into a multimodal approach to better detect and capture cognitive incapacitation.
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Dates et versions

hal-04146933 , version 1 (30-06-2023)

Identifiants

Citer

Cédric T Albinet, Morgane Aubineau, Benoît Valéry. Cognitive incapacitation: theoretical and methodological considerations. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 188, pp.54, 2023, ⟨10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2023.05.138⟩. ⟨hal-04146933⟩

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