Four experiments investigated the activation and use of script-based concepts and their role in the on-line resolution of anaphoric references and in the subsequent recognition of concepts. Ss were 21 2nd graders, 102 5th graders, and 30 adults (aged 20–40 yrs). Results of the recognition test support hypotheses derived from the script-based model of concept recognition proposed by F. R. Yekovich and C. H. Walker (see record 1987-33519-001). This model was useful in describing processes used by Ss aged 11 yrs and older. However, data obtained from on-line reading measures did not show any influence of script structure on anaphoric resolution.