This special issue of Environmental Science and Pollution Research highlights selected papers presented at the 43rd congress organized by the French Group of Pesticide Research (“Groupe Français des Pesticides,” GFP) which was held in Albi, from 29 to 31 May 2013, and officially hosted by Champollion University, France. The congress was held in the beautiful settings of the Episcopal city with its Cathedral and the Toulouse Lautrec museum, recently listed as UNESCO world heritage. Albi is a prefecture city of the Midi-Pyrenees region, one of the most agricultural regions of France.