From July to September 2021, a test campaign was performed by Safran Tech and of the university of Pau E2S (Energy & Environment Solutions lab), on a MAKILA 2B turboshaft (rated 2200 shp). For this purpose, the engine was fueled with a 100% Non-Drop In Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) manufactured by TotalEnergies from Used Cooking Oil (UCO) through the Hydro-Esterification of Fatty Acids process (HEFA). The key objective of this test campaign, which was concluded by a 1 st flight realized by Airbus Helicopters on Nov. 9 th 2021 [1], was to compare the performance and emissions of CAF (Conventional Aviation Fuel, i.e. regular Jet-A1 manufactured from fossil fuel) and a 100% Sustainable Aviation Fuel on a turboshaft which is a reference in the helicopter industry. The results achieved allow to draw a first comparison. The ground tests concluded to the absence of any major differences in terms of engine performances (Power generation, ignition, lubrication, heat exchange, …) between SAF and CAF. This was later confirmed by Airbus Helicopters during the flight tests. Tests showed reduced CO2 emissions explained by the higher Hydrogen to Carbon ratio (H/C) of the fuel. A significant reduction of the Smoke Number (SN),-60%, is recorded and explained by the lack of aromatics in the fuel. At this stage, it is not possible to conclude that a total lack of aromatics provides the highest reduction of SN and an optimization could be refined, as proposed by Vamsikrishna Undavalli & al. [2]. This will be further investigated in future research projects by Safran and TotalEnergies.