The courtrooms become the new theater of tumultuous jousting establishing the environment first, then the climate, as a legal cause, to mitigate climate change. Several attitudes are possible. Either the burden of ecological or climatic damage is attributed to one or more specific subjects of law, because it is attributable to individual conduct. Either the burden of the damage is shared between a sufficient number of individuals, or between the members of the community as a whole, by pooling the risks. Before providing some answers, it is necessary to quickly draw the outlines of the legal concept of imputation, which is not consensual. When there is no possible attribution of responsibility, the idea of a socialization of the risk supposes a dilution of the attribution to through « collective liability ». Even beyond the responsibility of States, the climate responsibility of companies is taking shape, thanks to the evolution of civil liability.