Geological origin of the reagents constituting the Roman mortar, according to Vitruvius
L'origine géologique des composants réactifs constituant le mortier romain d'après Vitruve
Résumé
It was established that the volcanic sands, around Rome, have physical properties, which make them correspond to the "harenae fossiciae" described by Vitruvius (II, 4). However, Vitruvius states that the best of all sands extracted from volcanic tuffs is what he calls the tuff "carbunculus" "carboncle" or "materia excocta", which is a "soft volcanic tuff calcined by underground fire". He also claims that it is found geologically in Etruria, in the volcanic area located in the north of Rome. Vitruvius uses this volcanic sand exclusively for concrete masonry, whereas regular pozzolana from Napoli (puluis) is especially employed for marine piers. He described, as a geologist, the formation of construction materials starting from volcanic fire and, as an architect and engineer, the reasons for which the volcanic reagents react so well with lime. Thus the volcanic tuff carbunculus refers to a pyroclastic rock traversed by degassing pipes, called "fossil fumaroles".
Mots clés
Apparatuses (opus caementicium) Roman concrete Construction History Geology Historical Period: Antiquity History of Science Materials (volcanic sand pozzolana lime) Treatises Manuals Quarry Vitruvius
Roman concrete
Construction History
Geology
Historical Period: Antiquity
History of Science
volcanic sand
pozzolana
lime
Treatises
Manuals
Quarry
Vitruvius
Carbunculus
harena fossicia
Gas pipes
fossil fumaroles
History of Geology
Lexicological analysis
Philological Analysis
Latin -- lexicology
Apparatuses (opus caementicium)
Materials (volcanic sand
lime)
Domaines
Etudes classiques Chimie Sciences de l'ingénieur [physics] Matériaux Linguistique Sciences de la Terre Géologie appliquée Sciences de l'Homme et Société Archéologie et Préhistoire Architecture, aménagement de l'espace Art et histoire de l'art Histoire, Philosophie et Sociologie des sciencesOrigine | Fichiers produits par l'(les) auteur(s) |
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