Un'ontologia parassitaria. Immaginario, corpo e politica nell'atmosfera coloniale
Résumé
The main aim of this paper is to discuss the presence, in colonization, of a parasitic
ontology taking place in the fields of imaginary and corporeity. On one side, some
postcolonial scholars highlight a crystallisation of the colonial imaginary affected by the
European gaze, as well as by several European cultural categories such as the notion of
individual or of national state. On the other side, a research about corporeity - and
especially about the influence of colonization and of an atmosphere of violence inherent
in colonialism as described by Frantz Fanon - shows a parasitized “body schema”,
unable to open up to the world or to constitute his own ontology. In this
phenomenological and existential sense, it is possible to talk about a parasitic ontology,
which always implies parasitized ontologies. The parasitic ontology is the one of
colonization, while the parasitized ontologies are those of the subalterns, prevented from
providing their own vision of the world and so unable to deploy themselves in the
existence. Moving from these phenomenological and ontological reflections, this paper
suggests some further researching paths in order to re-think our global present in the light
of this parasitic ontology. To this purpose it is kept into account what Achille Mbembe
calls “Le devenir-nègre du monde”, a generalisation of the “fantomal paradigm”, the
violent and deadly condition that colonization was for colonized people. These paths go
towards a re-thinking of economy in the light of colonial dynamics, but also towards a
politic based on emotions and a relational ontology which is able to take into account the
social, political, ecological questions of our global time.