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Poster De Conférence Année : 2022

What's the impact of socioeconomic status on training-related neuroplasticity

Résumé

Learning and development are complex and interrelated mechanisms involving a variety of factors, including environmental factors, such as socioeconomic status (SES) (Noble & Giebler, 2020), and neurobiological factors, such as neuroplasticity (Jolles et Crone, 2012). Brain imaging studies have revealed that SES influences behavior and cognition, mediated by its effect on brain anatomy (Rakesh & Wittle, 2021) especially in key regions of brain anatomo-fuctional organisation, the sensorimotor to associative axis (Syndnor et al., 2022). SES influence on brain is not uniform at different ages (Noble et al., 2012) and very recent studies suggest that SES may also influence the two systems development (sensorimotor/associative) via its effect on neuroplasticity (Tooley et al., 2021). In this context, the aim of the present study was to examine whether the putative effect of SES on neuroplasticity may also drive the effect of SES on learning. Eighty-one children and 60 adolescents were recruited and randomly assigned to a cognitive training targeting inhibitory control (IC) and an active control (AC) group. We acquired anatomical resonance images (MRI) before and after the 5-week computerized training and measured the individual grey matter volume of Regions of Interests (ROI) using freesurfer and the Desikan-Killiany Atlas 2009. To assess the training-related neuroplasticity of each ROI, we used structural equation models (SEM) including a latent change score (LCS) (Kievit et al., 2018) capturing the brain changes between pre- and post-training. We a priori hypothesized that training-related neuroplasticity is similar to developmental neuroplasticity. Our results show that SES modulation of training-related neuroplasticity is age dependent and system-dependant.
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Dates et versions

hal-04059637 , version 1 (05-04-2023)

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  • HAL Id : hal-04059637 , version 1

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Julia Mathan, Iris Menu, Emilie Salvia, Catherine Oppenheim, Olivier Houdé, et al.. What's the impact of socioeconomic status on training-related neuroplasticity. Flux Congress, Sep 2022, Paris, France. ⟨hal-04059637⟩
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