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Poster De Conférence Année : 2022

Lateralization of inhibition network from children to adolescent: cognitive training in children as a developmental speed-up?

Résumé

Neural asymmetries play a crucial role in the physiology of neural circuits, cognition and behavior. In particular, during development, hemispheric dominance occurs in different sensory motor and cognitive functions.Inhibitory control (IC) is the ability to resist automatisms, temptations, distractions or interferences and to adapt to conflicting situations. IC plays an essential role in the development of complex cognitive abilities such as arithmetic, reading or reasoning and develops from childhood until early adulthood in close relation with the protracted anatomo-functional maturation of IC brain regions. In addition to hemisphere-specific neural changes, the left-right asymmetry (also referred as laterality pattern) of regional brain activity and structure also changes with cognitive development and age. In parallel to age-related changes, neurocognitive development can change with cognitive training. In this study, we analyzed the developmental lateralization (DL) of main brain regions of the IC network (i.e., the inferior frontal cortex (IFG), anterior parts of the insula (ant-insula), the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), the caudate nucleus and the putamen) from childhood (60 children from 9 to 10 years old) to adolescence (51 adolescents from 16 to 17 years old). We also investigated in children the lateralization changes following a 5-weeks computerized IC training in the regions that showed a significant DL in order to determine whether training accelerated the development of cerebral lateralization. We computed lateralization indices for each region of interest from VBM maps (structural MRI) and Reho maps (resting state fMRI). We found a DL towards the right within the ACC brain region and towards the left within the anterior part of the insula and in the putamen and the caudate nucleus brain regions. After IC training, we found in children a left lateralization in the putamen in VBM, reflecting a developmental speed-up; explained by the earlier maturation of the basal ganglia including the putamen. In conclusion, we showed that the brain laterality of regions involved in the IC changes throughout the development and an IC training of medium duration in children might speed up the typical development.
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Dates et versions

hal-04057481 , version 1 (04-04-2023)

Identifiants

  • HAL Id : hal-04057481 , version 1

Citer

Sixtine Omont, Iris Menu, Emilie Salvia, Cachia A., Grégoire Borst. Lateralization of inhibition network from children to adolescent: cognitive training in children as a developmental speed-up?. Flux: The Society for Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Sep 2022, Paris, France. ⟨hal-04057481⟩
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