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Article Dans Une Revue Frontiers in Neuroanatomy Année : 2021

Towards Deciphering the Fetal Foundation of Normal Cognition and Cognitive Symptoms From Sulcation of the Cortex

Grégoire Borst
Renaud Jardri
  • Fonction : Auteur
Armin Raznahan
  • Fonction : Auteur
Graham Murray
  • Fonction : Auteur
Jean-François Mangin
  • Fonction : Auteur
Marion Plaze
  • Fonction : Auteur

Résumé

Growing evidence supports that prenatal processes play an important role for cognitive ability in normal and clinical conditions. In this context, several neuroimaging studies searched for features in postnatal life that could serve as a proxy for earlier developmental events. A very interesting candidate is the sulcal, or sulco-gyral, patterns, macroscopic features of the cortex anatomy related to the fold topology—e.g., continuous vs. interrupted/broken fold, present vs. absent fold-or their spatial organization. Indeed, as opposed to quantitative features of the cortical sheet (e.g., thickness, surface area or curvature) taking decades to reach the levels measured in adult, the qualitative sulcal patterns are mainly determined before birth and stable across the lifespan. The sulcal patterns therefore offer a window on the fetal constraints on specific brain areas on cognitive abilities and clinical symptoms that manifest later in life. After a global review of the cerebral cortex sulcation, its mechanisms, its ontogenesis along with methodological issues on how to measure the sulcal patterns, we present a selection of studies illustrating that analysis of the sulcal patterns can provide information on prenatal dispositions to cognition (with a focus on cognitive control and academic abilities) and cognitive symptoms (with a focus on schizophrenia and bipolar disorders). Finally, perspectives of sulcal studies are discussed.

Dates et versions

hal-04044357 , version 1 (24-03-2023)

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Citer

Arnaud Cachia, Grégoire Borst, Renaud Jardri, Armin Raznahan, Graham Murray, et al.. Towards Deciphering the Fetal Foundation of Normal Cognition and Cognitive Symptoms From Sulcation of the Cortex. Frontiers in Neuroanatomy, 2021, 15 (2), pp.240-250. ⟨10.3389/fnana.2021.712862⟩. ⟨hal-04044357⟩
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