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Communication Dans Un Congrès Année : 2022

Toward HPC simulations of climate warming impacts on Eurasian permafrost: the HiPerBorea project

Résumé

Permafrost, i.e., soil that is year-round frozen in depth, is covering a quarter of the northern hemisphere lands, and most of it is located in Asia (Siberia, Himalaya). It currently experiences fast changes due to climate change at global scale and technogenic perturbations at local scale, and the assessment and anticipation of these changes are of primary importance for many environmental and engineering applications in cold regions [1],[2] . To these ends, permafrost modeling is required. It implies the numerical simulation of coupled heat and water transfers in variably saturated porous media experiencing freeze/thaw of the pore water. The strong couplings and non-linearities involved in the physics at stake make such simulations highly challenging, especially from a computational point of view, and thus the use of High Performance Computing is needed. This communication aims to illustrate these challenges by considering applications of a recently developed OpenFOAM ® solver for cryohydrogeology, permaFoam [3],[4] . Developing permaFoam in the OpenFOAM framework allows to benefit from up to date, continuously maintained parallel computing capabilities [5],[6],[7] . Currently permaFoam is developed and used in the framework of HiPerBorea [8] , a research project dealing with the assessment of climate change impacts on permafrost on boreal continental surfaces. It focuses on the numerical simulation of heat and water fluxes within four boreal catchments under long term environmental monitoring [9] , and which spans a large longitudinal gradient in Eurasia, from Scandinavia to Eastern Siberia. Using permaFoam, HiPerBorea aims to produce simulations of responses of the permafrost of these watersheds for various scenarios of climate change until 2100. Such simulations imply the use of large computational resources, and are performed on tier-0 supercomputers [10] . Thanks to its good parallel performances, permaFoam allows using efficiently such HPC facilities. For the on-going academic year the HiPerBorea project has been granted 7 millions of CPU hours on the supercomputer IRENE of the TGCC. In order to illustrate the capabilities of permaFoam, two examples of applications to permafrost modeling in Siberian watersheds are presented. Kulingdakan watershed is a permafrost-dominated, forest covered watershed of Central Siberia for which the effect of evapotranspiration of active layer dynamics has been previously numerically studied [3] . The Syrdakh study site is a flood plain in an alas dominated area close to Yakutsk, Eastern Siberia, on which hydrological monitoring andstudies have been on-going for nearly 10 years [11] . Both of these sites are currently under investigation in the framework of the HiPerBorea project. First simulation results are presented, and the challenges encountered on the way to century time scale permafrost modeling in these sites are discussed, in terms of model conditioning, computational load to be handled and pre- and post-processing practices. [1] H. Park, A.N. Fedorov, P. Konstantinov, T. Hiyama. Front. Earth Sci. 9, 704447 (2021). [2] J. Hjort, D. Streletskiy, G. Doré, Q. Wu, K. Bjella, M. Luoto. Nature Reviews Earth & Environment, 3, pp. 24–38 (2022) [3] L. Orgogozo, A.S. Prokushkin, O.S. Pokrovsky, C. Grenier, M. Quintard, J. Viers, S. Audry. Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, 30, pp. 75-89 (2019). [4] L. Orgogozo, T. Xavier, H. Oulbani, C. Grenier. submitted to Computer Physics Communications (under review). [5] L. Orgogozo, N. Renon, C. Soulaine, F. Hénon, S.K. Tomer, D. Labat, O.S. Pokrovsky, M. Sekhar, R. Ababou, M. Quintard. Computer Physics Communications, 185, pp. 3358-3371 (2014). [6] L. Orgogozo. Computer Physics Communications, 270, 108182 (2022). [7] M. Garcia-Gasulla, F. Banchelli, K. Peiro, G. Ramirez-Gargallo, G. Houzeaux, I. Ben Hassan Saïdi, C. Tenaud, I. Spisso, F. Mantovani. International Journal of Computational Fluid Dynamics, 34 (7-8), pp. 508-528, (2020) [8] hiperborea.omp.eu [9] eu-interact.org [10] genci.fr/en/our-computers [11] Hatté, C., Séjourné, A., Grenier, C., Marlin C., Pohl, E., Noret, A. Gauthier, C., Gandois, L., Costard, F., Ciais, P., Ottlé, C., Saintenoy A., Fedorov, A., Konstantinov, K. European Conference On Permafrost (2018).
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hal-03976656 , version 1 (07-02-2023)

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Laurent Orgogozo, Thibault Xavier. Toward HPC simulations of climate warming impacts on Eurasian permafrost: the HiPerBorea project. 13th Asian Computational Fluid Dynamics conference, Oct 2022, Jeju, South Korea. ⟨10.13140/RG.2.2.31820.49289⟩. ⟨hal-03976656⟩
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