X-ray Tomography Coupled with Finite Elements, A Fast Method to Design Aerogel Composites and Prove Their Superinsulation Experimentally
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X-ray Tomography Coupled with Finite Elements, A Fast Method to Design Aerogel Composites and Prove Their Superinsulation Experimentally
by Genevieve Foray
1,* [ORCID] , Jaona Harifidy Randrianalisoa
2 [ORCID] , Jerome Adrien
1 [ORCID] and Eric Maire
1 [ORCID]
1
Université de Lyon, INSA-Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, MATEIS, UMR-5510, 69621 Villeurbanne, France
2
Institut de Thermique, Mécanique et Matériaux (ITheMM), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Campus Moulin de la Housse, CEDEX 2, 51687 Reims, France
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Gels 2022, 8(11), 732; https://doi.org/10.3390/gels8110732
Submission received: 27 September 2022 / Revised: 24 October 2022 / Accepted: 24 October 2022 / Published: 10 November 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Silica Aerogel Composites for Thermal Superinsulation)
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Abstract
Composite aerogels can include fibers, opacifiers and binders but are rarely designed and optimized to achieve the best thermal/mechanical efficiency. This paper proposes a three-dimensional X-ray tomography-based method for designing composites. Two types of models are considered: classical and inexpensive homogenization models and more refined finite element models. XrFE is based on the material’s real three-dimensional microstructure and/or its twin numerical microstructure, and calculates the effective conductivity of the material. First, the three-dimensional sample is meshed and labeled. Then, a finite element method is used to calculate the heat flow in the samples. The entire three-dimensional microstructure of a real or fictitious sample is thus associated with a heat flow and an effective conductivity. Parametric studies were performed to understand the relationship between microstructure and thermal efficiency. They highlighted how quickly a low volume fraction addition can improve or ruin thermal conductivity. A reduced set of three formulations was developed and fully characterized. The mechanical behavior was higher than 50 KPa, with thermal efficiencies ranging from 14 to 15 mW · m · K − 1 .
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