Article Dans Une Revue SIGMA Année : 2026

Fused K-operators and the $q$-Onsager algebra

Guillaume Lemarthe
Pascal Baseilhac
Azat M. Gainutdinov

Résumé

We study universal solutions to reflection equations with a spectral parameter, so-called K-operators, within a general framework of universal K-matrices - an extended version of the approach introduced by Appel-Vlaar. Here, the input data is a quasi-triangular Hopf algebra $H$, its comodule algebra $B$ and a pair of consistent twists. In our setting, the universal K-matrix is an element of $B\otimes H$ satisfying certain axioms, and we mostly consider the case $H$ is the quantum loop algebra for $sl_2$, and $B={\cal A}_q$ is the alternating central extension of the $q$-Onsager algebra. Considering tensor products of evaluation representations of $H$ in "non-semisimple" cases, the new set of axioms allows us to introduce and study fused K-operators of spin-$j$; in particular, to prove that for all $j\in\frac{1}{2}\mathbb{N}$ they satisfy the spectral-parameter dependent reflection equation. We provide their explicit expression in terms of elements of the algebra ${\cal A}_q$ for small values of spin-$j$. The precise relation between the fused K-operators of spin-$j$ and evaluations of a universal K-matrix for ${\cal A}_q$ is conjectured based on supporting evidences. Independently, we study K-operator solutions of the twisted intertwining relations associated with the comodule algebra ${\cal A}_q$, and expand them in the Poincaré-Birkhoff-Witt basis. With a reasonably general ansatz, we found a unique solution for first few values of $j$ which agrees with the fused K-operators, as expected. We conjecture that in general such solutions are uniquely determined and match with the expressions of the fused K-operators.

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Dates et versions

hal-03946559 , version 1 (09-07-2025)

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Guillaume Lemarthe, Pascal Baseilhac, Azat M. Gainutdinov. Fused K-operators and the $q$-Onsager algebra. SIGMA, 2026, 22, pp.026. ⟨10.3842/SIGMA.2026.026⟩. ⟨hal-03946559⟩
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