A happy coincidence has delivered another glimpse of the many languages which were once spoken and written in the ancient Greek-Ionian harbour town of Miletos, an economic and transportation hub on the central western coast of Asia Minor at the mouth of the Maeander River. So far known were Minoan and Cypro-Minoan, Mycenaean Greek, Anatolian/Luwian Hieroglyphic, Karian, ancient Greek, Lydian, Nabataean, and Latin.1 In 2011, a deep sondage in the sanctuary of Apollo Delphinios, the Delphinion, the main city sanctuary located at the northern side of the central agora of the city-state and close to her main “Lion Harbour” (figure 1), brought to light a small, initially unsuspicious artefact, which immediately turned out to be a little sensation: on the outer face of an amphora sherd were written some lines in ink. The remarkable find of a 4th-century Bc Phoenician ostracon in the Delphinion-sanctuary of Miletos, the first of its kind in western Asia Minor (today’s Turkey), spotlights the presence of Phoenicians during Persian dominance of Ionia, and the period after the liberation by Alexander the Great in 334-332 Bc, otherwise rarely documented by stone inscriptions or archaeological evidence.