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Article Dans Une Revue The Lancet Regional Health - Americas Année : 2022

Transmission dynamics of Q fever in French Guiana: A population-based cross-sectional study

Résumé

Background: Q fever is a zoonosis caused by Coxiella burnetii which is among the major agents of community-acquired pneumonia in French Guiana. Despite its relatively high incidence, its epidemiology in French Guiana remains unclear, and all previous studies have considered transmission from livestock unlikely, suggesting that a wild reservoir is responsible for transmission. Methods: A country-wide seroprevalence survey of 2697 participants from French Guiana was conducted. Serum samples were tested for phase II IgG antibodies by ELISA and indirect immunofluorescence assays (IFAs). Factors associated with Q fever were investigated, and a serocatalytic model was used to reconstruct the annual force of infection. Findings: The overall weighted seroprevalence was estimated at 9.6% (95% confidence interval (CI): 8.2%–11.0%). The model revealed constant, low-level circulation across French Guiana, particularly affecting middle-aged males (odds ratio (OR): 3.0, 95% credible interval (CrI): 1.7–5.8) and individuals living close to sheep farms (OR: 4, 95% CrI: 1.5–12). The overall annual number of cases was estimated at 579 (95% CrI: 492–670). In the region around Cayenne, the main urban municipality, the high seroprevalence was explained by an outbreak that may have occurred between 1996 and 2003 and that infected 10% (95% CrI: 6.9%–14%) of the population and males and females alike. Interpretation: This study reveals for the first time Q fever dynamics of transmission and the role of domestic livestock in transmission in French Guiana and highlights the urgent need to reinforce Q fever surveillance in livestocks of the entire Guianese territory.
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hal-03913804 , version 1 (07-01-2023)

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Paternité - Pas d'utilisation commerciale - Pas de modification

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Sarah Bailly, Nathanaël Hozé, Sylvie Bisser, Aurélien Zhu-Soubise, Camille Fritzell, et al.. Transmission dynamics of Q fever in French Guiana: A population-based cross-sectional study. The Lancet Regional Health - Americas, 2022, 16, pp.100385. ⟨10.1016/j.lana.2022.100385⟩. ⟨hal-03913804⟩
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