Design and Control of a Synchronous Interleaved Boost Converter based on GaN FETs for PEM Fuel Cell Applications
Résumé
This paper shares some solutions in order to implement a state-of-the-art synchronous Interleaved Boost Converter (IBC), based on gallium nitride (GaN) power transistors. The solutions discussed have been implemented and validated on a synchronous 4-phase IBC (IBC4) prototype operating at a switching frequency of 250 kHz, specially designed to control the electric power delivered by a Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cell module to a lithium battery pack. This paper focuses on digital control, such as PWM signal generation and the MCU requirements to reach high switching frequencies. It also discusses the issues related to the propagation delay of the sensors used and how to address them. The high switching frequency enabled by GaN transistors, combined with this DC/DC converter architecture and its phase-shifted control strategy, might heavily strain the load of the single MCU embedded. The real-time management of the different control loops is therefore exposed.