Mainland-coastal interactions in East Borneo: Inter-site comparison and Bayesian chronological models of two Late Pleistocene–Holocene sequences (Liang Abu and Kimanis rock shelters)
Résumé
In recent decades, East Borneo has become an increasingly important archaeological “hot-spot” in Island Southeast Asia as a result of early dates for rock art ca. 38,000 BP and the greater number of excavated sites that support a much longer period of human occupation. However, the chronology of settlement and adaptation to environmental changes during the Pleistocene–Holocene transition is still poorly known. Here we report on an excavation at the Liang Abu rock shelter which has contexts dating from the Late Pleistocene (12,660 ± 58 uncal. BP) to the present day, indicating a terminus ante quem (TAQ) for human occupation at 23,790 BP. We present the results of an attempt to systematically integrate and compare data from Liang Abu and Kimanis, a geographically close site with a previously published sequence. Particular attention is paid to post-depositional issues in tropical settings and to data compatibility, reuse, and reproducibility, relying on open-source software for data processing (R scripts) and Bayesian chronological modeling. Two Bayesian models are built and compared using the ChronoModel software, which can handle outliers and uncertainty (e.g., freshwater reservoir effect). This first inter-site comparison for Borneo results in a new chronology of human settlement and mainland–coastal interactions in East Borneo and paves the way for future regional synthesis.
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Cite 10.5281/zenodo.3929274 Image Plutniak, S. (2020). Location of the Liang Abu and Kimanis sites in East Borneo, Indonesia [Graphic]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.3929274
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Cite 10.5281/zenodo.3929278 Image Plutniak, S. (2020). Location of the Liang Abu site in East Borneo [Graphic]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.3929278
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Cite 10.5281/zenodo.3929562 Jeu de données Plutniak, S. (2022). Data set for the pottery excavated at the Liang Abu site (East Kalimantan, Indonesia) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.3929562
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Cite 10.5281/zenodo.6774519 Jeu de données Grenet, M., & Sarel, J. (2022). Data set for the lithic material excavated at the Liang Abu site (East Kalimantan, Indonesia) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.6774519
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Cite 10.5281/zenodo.6774530 Jeu de données Ferrié, J.-G., & Plutniak, S. (2022). Data set for the fauna material excavated at the Liang Abu site (East Kalimantan, Indonesia) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.6774530
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Cite 10.5281/zenodo.3929615 Jeu de données Plutniak, S. (2022). ‘Chronomodel’ Bayesian chronological models for East Borneo, based on data from the Liang Abu and Kimanis sites [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.3929615
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Cite 10.5281/zenodo.3929568 Jeu de données Sathiamurthy, E., & Voris, H. K. (2020). Sea level between 21000 and 450 BP, from Sathiamurthy and Voris 2006 [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.3929568