Progress in disruption prevention for ITER
E. J. Strait
(1)
,
J. L. Barr
(1)
,
M. Baruzzo
(2)
,
J. W. Berkery
(3)
,
R. J. Buttery
(1)
,
P. C. de Vries
(4)
,
N. W. Eidietis
(1)
,
R. S. Granetz
(5)
,
J. M. Hanson
(3)
,
C. T. Holcomb
(6)
,
D. A. Humphreys
(1)
,
J. H. Kim
(7)
,
E. Kolemen
(8)
,
M. Kong
(9)
,
M. J. Lanctot
(10)
,
M. Lehnen
(4)
,
E. Lerche
(11)
,
N. C. Logan
(8)
,
M. Maraschek
(12)
,
M. Okabayashi
(8)
,
J. K. Park
(8)
,
A. Pau
(13)
,
G. Pautasso
(12)
,
F. M. Poli
(8)
,
C. Rea
(5)
,
S. A. Sabbagh
(3)
,
O. Sauter
(9)
,
E. Schuster
(14)
,
U. A. Sheikh
(9)
,
C. Sozzi
(15)
,
F. Turco
(3)
,
A. D. Turnbull
(1)
,
Z. R. Wang
(8)
,
W. P. Wehner
(14)
,
L. Zeng
(16)
1
Predictive Science
2 CIFS - Consorzio Interuniversitario per la Fisica Spaziale
3 Columbia University, New York
4 MIO - Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie
5 Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
6 LLNL - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
7 National Fusion Research Institute, Daejon, Korea, Republic of
8 Princeton
9 EPFL - Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
10 U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, DC 20585-1290, United States of America
11 EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon
12 Max-Planck-Institute fur Plasma Physik, D-85748, Garching, Germany
13 UniCa - Università degli Studi di Cagliari = University of Cagliari
14 Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lehigh University
15 UNIMIB - Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca = University of Milano-Bicocca
16 Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
2 CIFS - Consorzio Interuniversitario per la Fisica Spaziale
3 Columbia University, New York
4 MIO - Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie
5 Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
6 LLNL - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
7 National Fusion Research Institute, Daejon, Korea, Republic of
8 Princeton
9 EPFL - Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
10 U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, DC 20585-1290, United States of America
11 EURATOM/UKAEA Fusion Association, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon
12 Max-Planck-Institute fur Plasma Physik, D-85748, Garching, Germany
13 UniCa - Università degli Studi di Cagliari = University of Cagliari
14 Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lehigh University
15 UNIMIB - Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca = University of Milano-Bicocca
16 Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, People's Republic of China
Résumé
Key plasma physics and real-time control elements needed for robustlystable operation of high fusion power discharges in ITER have beendemonstrated in recent research worldwide. Recent analysis hasidentified the current density profile as the main drive for disruptiveinstabilities in discharges simulating ITER's baseline scenario withhigh and low external torque. Ongoing development of model-based profilecontrol and active control of magnetohydrodynamic instabilities isimproving the stability of multiple scenarios. Significant advances havebeen made toward real-time physics-based prediction of instabilities,including path-oriented analysis, active sensing, and machine learningtechniques for prediction that are beginning to go beyond simpledisruption mitigation trigger applications. Active interventioncontributes to prevention of disruptions, including forced rotation ofmagnetic islands to prevent wall locking, and localized heating/currentdrive to shrink the islands. Stable discharge rampdowns have beenachieved with the fastest ITER-like scaled current ramp rates, whilemaintaining an X-point configuration. These elements are beingintegrated into stable operating scenarios and new event-handlingsystems for off-normal events in order to develop the physics basis andtechniques for robust control in ITER.