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Article Dans Une Revue Science Année : 2022

Cryptic and abundant marine viruses at the evolutionary origins of Earth’s RNA virome

Ahmed Zayed
James Wainaina
Jiarong Guo
Mohamed Mohssen
Funing Tian
Benjamin Bolduc
Dylan Cronin
Kurt Fredrick
Patrick Wincker
Matthew Sullivan

Résumé

Whereas DNA viruses are known to be abundant, diverse, and commonly key ecosystem players, RNA viruses are insufficiently studied outside disease settings. In this study, we analyzed ≈28 terabases of Global Ocean RNA sequences to expand Earth’s RNA virus catalogs and their taxonomy, investigate their evolutionary origins, and assess their marine biogeography from pole to pole. Using new approaches to optimize discovery and classification, we identified RNA viruses that necessitate substantive revisions of taxonomy (doubling phyla and adding >50% new classes) and evolutionary understanding. “Species”-rank abundance determination revealed that viruses of the new phyla “ Taraviricota ,” a missing link in early RNA virus evolution, and “ Arctiviricota ” are widespread and dominant in the oceans. These efforts provide foundational knowledge critical to integrating RNA viruses into ecological and epidemiological models.
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hal-03781924 , version 1 (16-11-2022)

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Ahmed Zayed, James Wainaina, Guillermo Dominguez-Huerta, Eric Pelletier, Jiarong Guo, et al.. Cryptic and abundant marine viruses at the evolutionary origins of Earth’s RNA virome. Science, 2022, 376 (6589), pp.156-162. ⟨10.1126/science.abm5847⟩. ⟨hal-03781924⟩
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