High-Harmonic Generation and Correlated Electron Emission from Relativistic Plasma Mirrors at 1 kHz Repetition Rate
Résumé
We report evidence for the first generation of XUV spectra from relativistic surface high-harmonic generation (SHHG) on plasma mirrors at a kilohertz repetition rate, emitted simultaneously with energetic electrons. SHHG spectra and electron angular distributions are measured as a function of the experimentally controlled plasma density gradient scale length L_g for three increasingly short and intense driving pulses: 24 fs and a_0 = 1.1, 8 fs and a_0 = 1.6, and finally 4 fs and a_0 ≈ 2.1, where a_0 is the peak vector potential normalized by m_e c/e with the elementary charge e, the electron rest mass m_e , and the vacuum light velocity c. For all driver pulses, we observe correlated relativistic SHHG and electron emission in the range L_g ∈ [λ/20, λ/4], with an optimum gradient scale length of L_g ≈ λ/10. This universal optimal L_g-range is rationalized by deriving a direct intensity-independent link between the scale length L_g and an effective similarity parameter for relativistic laser-plasma interactions.
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