B-alphaWSP Selection Algorithm: a Load Balancing Convergecast forWSNs
Résumé
Many-to-one is a common traffic pattern in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), where nodes periodically forward data hop by hop to a single sink. Unfortunately, such communication pattern leads to lose nodes prematurely, especially those located in the sink neighborhood. That phenomenon is essentially due to the high load transit on these nodes, causing a spuriously activation rate comparing to other nodes therefore more energy waste. This is called the funneling effect, which causes also other issues including high delay and packet loss due to the congestion, and collisions. The objective of this work is to reduce the impact of this phenomenon by employing a load-balancing technique in the route selection process. Therefore, we propose the B-éWSP (Balanced-éWeighted Shortest Path) routing algorithm. Simulation results show that our algorithm can effectively reduce the impact of the funneling effect on the nodes activity. Consequently, it reduces the energy consumption and maintains a satisfactory Packet Reception Rate (PRR) comparing to the éWSP algorithm.
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