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Article Dans Une Revue Neuropsychologia Année : 2015

Age-related differences in the use of automatic and controlled processes in a situation of sustained attention

Résumé

Previous studies examining sustained attention ability in older adults have yielded inconsistent results: age-related decline in studies using traditionally formatted tasks (TFT), in which subjects have to respond to rare targets, and preservation in studies using Go/No-Go tasks, in which subjects have to withhold response to rare targets. The purpose of this study was to examine whether these discrepancies could be explained by a differential use of automatic and controlled processes according to age. To that end, we used two versions of the same task differing in response mode (TFT, Go/No-Go), and the event-related potential (ERP) technique. The within-task comparison first revealed that older adults exhibited a vigilance decrement in the TFT SART, while their performance actually improved in the Go/No-Go SART. Secondly, in both tasks, ERP results notably evidenced increased P2s and non-target P3s in older adults, components related to the allocation of attentional resources. Altogether, our results suggest that in both tasks older adults adopted a controlled processing mode, which resulted in opposite effects on performance according to the nature of the task.
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Dates et versions

hal-03616818 , version 1 (22-03-2022)

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Bérengère Staub, Nadege Doignon-Camus, Jose Eduardo Marques Carneiro da Silva, Élisabeth Bacon, Anne Bonnefond. Age-related differences in the use of automatic and controlled processes in a situation of sustained attention. Neuropsychologia, 2015, 75, pp.607-616. ⟨10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2015.07.021⟩. ⟨hal-03616818⟩
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