Objectives This research aimed to investigate female emerging adult students’ self-perception in relation to their adjustment to academic context in France. Method First, a preliminary study was a validation of the French version of the Self-Perception Profile for College Students (SPPCS, Neeman & Harter, 2012). Second, the study explored freshman year emerging adult females’ self-perception profiles based on the SPPCS, and their association with adjustment to academic context (depression and academic results). Results Cluster analysis revealed seven self-perception profiles characterized by both global self-worth and self-esteem domains. These profiles were differently associated with positive and negative adjustment. Conclusion Overall, the findings highlight the importance of considering both global self-worth and domain-specific self-esteem to emphasize emerging adult students’ self-perception and its links with adjustment.