Stress-driven method bio-inspired by long bone structure for mechanical part mass reduction by removing geometry at macro and cell-unit scales
Résumé
Mass reduction is a main issue in mechanical design. Over millions of years, Nature had to face this issue.
Nature came up with an efficient solution using a stress-driven structure to reduce the mass of bones while
saving their mechanical performances. This optimized structure is used in several species and persists
throughout Evolution. Thus, it may be considered as optimal for this issue. In this article, a method bio-
inspired from both bone medullar cavity and trabecular structure is proposed to reduce the mass of parts
subjected to mechanical stresses. The objective of this method is to provide high mass reduction, just like
bone does. First, the method removes iteratively unloaded areas of material from the mechanical part to
mimic the medullar cavity structure. Second, a final mass reduction is done integrating small holes bio-
inspired from trabecular structure in the remaining material. An experimental validation was carried out on a
torsion disc and provided a 60% mass reduction. Using this mass reduction rate, the topology optimization
method was used to define a standard geometry to evaluate the mechanical performances of the proposed
method. Experimental results highlight that regarding torsional stiffness, the bio-inspired part is 27% stiffer
than the standard one
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