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Chapitre D'ouvrage Année : 1990

Choline acetyltransferase: a molecular genetic approach

Sylvie Berrard
Alexis Brice
  • Fonction : Auteur
Estelle Habert
  • Fonction : Auteur
Brigitte Raynaud
  • Fonction : Auteur
Michel Weber
  • Fonction : Auteur

Résumé

This chapter discusses the recent findings in the study of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), following cloning of mammalian ChAT and discusses potential directions of research. ChAT constitutes the only specific marker available to date for cholinergic neurons. The paucity of the enzyme, whose purification from rat brain required about a 106-fold enrichment, has limited its biochemical and structural analysis. The choice of the starting material to isolate a particular cDNA is crucial when dealing with proteins, such as ChAT, which are expressed at a very low abundance. The ability to differentially express various forms of the enzyme that exhibit distinct specific activities represents an attractive means of regulating neurotransmitter availability at particular synapses. Such a possible diversity could also be developmentally regulated or be tissue-specific. The porcine and rat ChAT complementary DNA (cDNA) hybridize with human ChAT mRNA, which will facilitate the isolation of the human gene. These probes will be more appropriate for analyzing the regulation of the expression of the ChAT gene under various physiological conditions and in pathological situations such as Alzheimer's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, for which there is no animal model.
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hal-03576624 , version 1 (16-02-2022)

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Citer

Jacques Mallet, Sylvie Berrard, Alexis Brice, Estelle Habert, Brigitte Raynaud, et al.. Choline acetyltransferase: a molecular genetic approach. Cholinergic Neurotransmission: Functional and Clinical Aspects, 84, Elsevier, pp.3-10, 1990, Progress in Brain Research, ⟨10.1016/s0079-6123(08)60883-3⟩. ⟨hal-03576624⟩

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