Palaeoecological data indicates land-use changes across Europe linked to spatial heterogeneity in mortality during the Black Death pandemic - Archive ouverte HAL
Article Dans Une Revue Nature Ecology & Evolution Année : 2022

Palaeoecological data indicates land-use changes across Europe linked to spatial heterogeneity in mortality during the Black Death pandemic

A. Izdebski (1, 2) , P. Guzowski (3) , R. Poniat (3) , L. Masci (4, 4) , J. Palli (5) , C. Vignola (1, 4) , M. Bauch (6) , C. Cocozza (1, 7) , R. Fernandes (1, 8, 9) , F. C Ljungqvist (10, 11, 12) , T. Newfield (13, 14) , A. Seim (15, 16) , D. Abel-Schaad (17) , F. Alba-Sánchez (17) , L. Björkman (18) , A. Brauer (19, 20) , A. Brown (21, 22) , S. Czerwiński (23) , Ana Ejarque (24, 25) , M. Fiłoc (26) , A. Florenzano (27) , E. D Fredh (28) , R. Fyfe (29) , N. Jasiunas (30) , P. Kołaczek (23) , K. Kouli (1, 31) , R. Kozáková (32) , M. Kupryjanowicz (26) , P. Lagerås (33) , M. Lamentowicz (23) , M. Lindbladh (34) , J. A López-Sáez (35) , R. Luelmo-Lautenschlaeger (35, 36) , K. Marcisz (23) , Florence Mazier (37) , S. Mensing (38) , A. M Mercuri (27) , K. Milecka (23) , Y. Miras (39) , A. M Noryśkiewicz (40) , E. Novenko (41, 42) , M. Obremska (43) , S. Panajiotidis (44) , M. L Papadopoulou (45) , A. Pędziszewska (46) , S. Pérez-Díaz (47) , G. Piovesan (5) , A. Pluskowski (22) , P. Pokorny (48) , A. Poska (49) , T. Reitalu (49) , M. Rösch (50) , L. Sadori (4) , C. Sá Ferreira (51) , D. Sebag (52) , M. Słowiński (53) , M. Stančikaitė (54) , N. Stivrins (30) , I. Tunno (55) , S. Veski (49) , A. Wacnik (56) , A. Masi (1, 4)
1 MPI-SHH - Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History
2 UJ - Uniwersytet Jagielloński w Krakowie = Jagiellonian University
3 University of Bialystok
4 UNIROMA - Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza" = Sapienza University [Rome]
5 Università degli studi della Tuscia [Viterbo]
6 GWZO - Leibniz Institute for the History and Culture of Eastern Europe
7 ArchaeoBioCenter, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany
8 School of Archaeology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
9 MUNI - Masaryk University [Brno]
10 Stockholm University
11 Bolin Centre for Climate Research
12 Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study [Uppsala]
13 Department of History, Georgetown University, Washington DC, USA
14 Department of biology, georgetown University, Washington DC
15 Chair of Forest Growth and Dendroecology
16 Institute of Botany [Innsbruck]
17 UGR - Universidad de Granada = University of Granada
18 Viscum Pollenanalys & Miljöhistoria, Nässjö, Sweden
19 GFZ - German Research Centre for Geosciences - Helmholtz-Centre Potsdam
20 Institute of Geosciences [Potsdam]
21 Wessex Archaeology [Salisbury]
22 Department of Archaeology and Centre for Past Climate Change, University of Reading, Reading, UK
23 UAM - Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu = Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań
24 GEOLAB - Laboratoire de Géographie Physique et Environnementale
25 UMR ISEM - Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier
26 Department of Palaeobiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
27 Laboratory of Palynology and Palaeobotany, Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
28 UiT - The Arctic University of Norway [Tromsø, Norway]
29 SoGEES - School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences [Plymouth]
30 LU - University of Latvia
31 NKUA - National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
32 Institute of Archaeology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague
33 The Archaeologists, National Historical Museums, Lund, Sweden
34 Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre
35 Environmental Archaeology Research Group, Institute of History, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
36 Department of Geography, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
37 GEODE - Géographie de l'environnement
38 Department of Geography, University of Nevada, Reno, USA
39 HNHP - Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique
40 Nicolaus Copernicus University [Toruń]
41 MSU Faculty of Geography [Moscow]
42 Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
43 Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences
44 Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
45 University of Cologne
46 Faculty of Biology [Gdansk, Poland]
47 UC / UniCan - Universidad de Cantabria [Santander] = University of Cantabria [Spain] = Université de Cantabrie [Espagne]
48 UK - Univerzita Karlova [Praha, Česká republika] = Charles University [Prague, Czech Republic]
49 Institute of Geology at Tallinn
50 Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University
51 QUB - Queen's University [Belfast]
52 IFPEN - IFP Energies nouvelles
53 Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization, Polish Academy of Sciences
54 Nature Research Centre, Institute of Geology and Geography, Vilnius, Lithuania
55 LLNL - Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
56 W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences
A. Izdebski
Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History
Uniwersytet Jagielloński w Krakowie = Jagiellonian University
P. Guzowski
University of Bialystok
R. Poniat
  • Fonction : Auteur
University of Bialystok
L. Masci
Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza" = Sapienza University [Rome]
Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza" = Sapienza University [Rome]
J. Palli
  • Fonction : Auteur
Università degli studi della Tuscia [Viterbo]
C. Vignola
  • Fonction : Auteur
Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History
Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza" = Sapienza University [Rome]
M. Bauch
  • Fonction : Auteur
Leibniz Institute for the History and Culture of Eastern Europe
C. Cocozza
Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History
ArchaeoBioCenter, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany
R. Fernandes
Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History
School of Archaeology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
Masaryk University [Brno]
F. C Ljungqvist
Stockholm University
Bolin Centre for Climate Research
Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study [Uppsala]
T. Newfield
Department of History, Georgetown University, Washington DC, USA
Department of biology, georgetown University, Washington DC
A. Seim
  • Fonction : Auteur
Chair of Forest Growth and Dendroecology
Institute of Botany [Innsbruck]
D. Abel-Schaad
Universidad de Granada = University of Granada
F. Alba-Sánchez
Universidad de Granada = University of Granada
L. Björkman
  • Fonction : Auteur
Viscum Pollenanalys & Miljöhistoria, Nässjö, Sweden
A. Brauer
  • Fonction : Auteur
German Research Centre for Geosciences - Helmholtz-Centre Potsdam
Institute of Geosciences [Potsdam]
A. Brown
Wessex Archaeology [Salisbury]
Department of Archaeology and Centre for Past Climate Change, University of Reading, Reading, UK
S. Czerwiński
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu = Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań
Ana Ejarque
Laboratoire de Géographie Physique et Environnementale
Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier
M. Fiłoc
Department of Palaeobiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
A. Florenzano
Laboratory of Palynology and Palaeobotany, Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
E. D Fredh
The Arctic University of Norway [Tromsø, Norway]
R. Fyfe
  • Fonction : Auteur
School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences [Plymouth]
N. Jasiunas
  • Fonction : Auteur
University of Latvia
P. Kołaczek
  • Fonction : Auteur
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu = Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań
K. Kouli
Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History
National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
R. Kozáková
  • Fonction : Auteur
Institute of Archaeology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague
M. Kupryjanowicz
  • Fonction : Auteur
Department of Palaeobiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
P. Lagerås
The Archaeologists, National Historical Museums, Lund, Sweden
M. Lamentowicz
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu = Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań
M. Lindbladh
  • Fonction : Auteur
Southern Swedish Forest Research Centre
J. A López-Sáez
  • Fonction : Auteur
Environmental Archaeology Research Group, Institute of History, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
R. Luelmo-Lautenschlaeger
Environmental Archaeology Research Group, Institute of History, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
Department of Geography, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
K. Marcisz
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu = Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań
Florence Mazier
Géographie de l'environnement
CV
S. Mensing
  • Fonction : Auteur
Department of Geography, University of Nevada, Reno, USA
A. M Mercuri
Laboratory of Palynology and Palaeobotany, Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
K. Milecka
  • Fonction : Auteur
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu = Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań
Y. Miras
Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique
A. M Noryśkiewicz
Nicolaus Copernicus University [Toruń]
E. Novenko
  • Fonction : Auteur
MSU Faculty of Geography [Moscow]
Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
M. Obremska
Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences
S. Panajiotidis
Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
M. L Papadopoulou
  • Fonction : Auteur
University of Cologne
A. Pędziszewska
  • Fonction : Auteur
Faculty of Biology [Gdansk, Poland]
S. Pérez-Díaz
Universidad de Cantabria [Santander] = University of Cantabria [Spain] = Université de Cantabrie [Espagne]
G. Piovesan
Università degli studi della Tuscia [Viterbo]
A. Pluskowski
Department of Archaeology and Centre for Past Climate Change, University of Reading, Reading, UK
P. Pokorny
  • Fonction : Auteur
Univerzita Karlova [Praha, Česká republika] = Charles University [Prague, Czech Republic]
A. Poska
  • Fonction : Auteur
Institute of Geology at Tallinn
T. Reitalu
Institute of Geology at Tallinn
M. Rösch
  • Fonction : Auteur
Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University
L. Sadori
Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza" = Sapienza University [Rome]
C. Sá Ferreira
  • Fonction : Auteur
Queen's University [Belfast]
D. Sebag
IFP Energies nouvelles
M. Słowiński
Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization, Polish Academy of Sciences
M. Stančikaitė
Nature Research Centre, Institute of Geology and Geography, Vilnius, Lithuania
N. Stivrins
  • Fonction : Auteur
University of Latvia
I. Tunno
  • Fonction : Auteur
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
S. Veski
  • Fonction : Auteur
Institute of Geology at Tallinn
A. Wacnik
W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences
A. Masi
Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History
Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza" = Sapienza University [Rome]

Résumé

The Black Death (1347–1352 ce ) is the most renowned pandemic in human history, believed by many to have killed half of Europe’s population. However, despite advances in ancient DNA research that conclusively identified the pandemic’s causative agent (bacterium Yersinia pestis ), our knowledge of the Black Death remains limited, based primarily on qualitative remarks in medieval written sources available for some areas of Western Europe. Here, we remedy this situation by applying a pioneering new approach, ‘big data palaeoecology’, which, starting from palynological data, evaluates the scale of the Black Death’s mortality on a regional scale across Europe. We collected pollen data on landscape change from 261 radiocarbon-dated coring sites (lakes and wetlands) located across 19 modern-day European countries. We used two independent methods of analysis to evaluate whether the changes we see in the landscape at the time of the Black Death agree with the hypothesis that a large portion of the population, upwards of half, died within a few years in the 21 historical regions we studied. While we can confirm that the Black Death had a devastating impact in some regions, we found that it had negligible or no impact in others. These inter-regional differences in the Black Death’s mortality across Europe demonstrate the significance of cultural, ecological, economic, societal and climatic factors that mediated the dissemination and impact of the disease. The complex interplay of these factors, along with the historical ecology of plague, should be a focus of future research on historical pandemics.

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Etudes de l'environnement Sciences de l'environnement Histoire
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hal-03565766 , version 1 (22-02-2022)

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A. Izdebski, P. Guzowski, R. Poniat, L. Masci, J. Palli, et al.. Palaeoecological data indicates land-use changes across Europe linked to spatial heterogeneity in mortality during the Black Death pandemic. Nature Ecology & Evolution, 2022, 6, pp.297-306. ⟨10.1038/s41559-021-01652-4⟩. ⟨hal-03565766⟩

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