This paper reports fundamental studies of two-phase combustion carried out with mono-sized ethanol droplets aerosol generated with rapid expansion under microgravity conditions. Innovative diagnostics consisting of a coupling laser tomography with a high speed ILIDS technique was successfully applied for aerosol combustion. The droplet diameter reduction together with the radial droplet displacement ahead the flame front has been accurately measured. It was found that the fuel droplets evaporate by following a d 2 law which confirms the validity of this model in an aerosol configuration. Average temperatures of the surrounding gas have been extracted from the ILIDS measurements and were found to be near constant, usually in the range of 600−700 K, for any aerosol conditions. The laser tomography technique allows the identification of droplets which cross the flame front and then remain in the burnt gases. An experimental diagram has been built using relevant non-dimensional parameters of two-phase combustion to exhibit the observations of droplets passage. The results demonstrated that the droplet size and the droplet interdistance are the most important parameter which control the possibility for the droplet to enter in the burnt gases. Moreover, it was observed that typical topologies of flames in terms of size and number of cells are related to the number density of droplets.