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Communication Dans Un Congrès Année : 2021

Video-fiberscopic laryngophryngeal examination in beatboxing

Résumé

As a stand-alone musical style, Beatboxing is of particular interest to speech scientists because it uses speech sounds or speech-like sounds to create music that often has no linguistic content The Human Beatbox, particular utilization of the vocal tract, with the voice at the limits of singing is a new branch of Hip-Hop, 1970. It is a vocal and physical imitation of musical instruments such as trumpet, muted trumpet, electric guitar, electric saturated guitar or Kick, Snare, Hihat or electronic sounds like scratching. It is a new vocal technique involving only physiological elements to transform vocal timbre in musical sounds. Laryngeal behaviour: The aim of this presentation is to give some information about its complex laryngeal articulation and phonation types, with no laryngeal pathology. We provide here a basis for understanding on the laryngeal behavior and resonators, and on aerodynamic adaptations for the production of beatboxed sounds. These multiple and unexpected combinations of laryngeal postures that can be explained by the Laryngeal Articulator Model (Esling et al. 2019): pharyngeal muscle used to significantly narrow the vocal tract to generate high pitches, and arytenoids also appeared to have had vibratory function in sound generation. These performers overall had remarkable independent control of various laryngopharyngeal subsites to Human Beatbox. The vocal tract adopts specific behaviour for each instrument imitated. The ‘tubular’ or enlarged configuration of the larynx, associated with the closed or almost closed oral cavity, can be reconciled with the behaviour described by Titze (2001) in the framework of impedance (harmonic strengthening with no vocal effort) or twang (‘healthy voice configuration’). Beatboxers are therefore using optimal conditions. Behaviour of compression of the pharynx and larynx are similar to those described by some authors as ‘laryngeal adjustments’, such as ‘glottal stop’, or the ‘aryepiglottal stop’, These compressions have been described as pathological laryngeal behaviour in dysphonia and are reminiscent of Type III (transversal compression of the false vocal folds) and IV (anteroposterior compression of the epilarynx) behaviour described by Koufman et al. (1996). However, we found no dysphonia among beatboxers. The successful achievement of sound suggests pharyngeal and laryngeal muscle structure operating at full capacity. Acoustics: ‘Bass sounds’ mark the rhythm and the instruments and electronic sounds bring the musicality. Aeorynamics: Human Beatbox sounds involve both inhalation and exhalation during their production, and both non-pulmonary and pulmonary airflow. The use of a non-pulmonic airflow allows some dissociation between sound production and ventilation, with both egressive and ingressive airstreams The humming sounds were produced via a lingual ingressive (velaric) or egressive airstream This allows the beatboxer to perform multiple actions at the same time, such as breathing or producing a melodic line through the nose without being silent. The tongue and larynx may be used in concert to produce a more effective pushing action. Most sounds produced by spoken language and singing are exhaled sounds. However, beatboxing incorporates inhaled sounds which likely serves at least two main purposes—the first of which allows for the performer to complete respiratory cycles without interrupting the continuity of a sequence of beats, and the second which produces sounds not executable by exhalation. Conclusion: Educational and therapeutic perspectives: beatboxing techniques (HBB) may be protective of the true vocal folds by using the entire vocal tract for sound production. Its aerodynamic is useful to infer articulatory details (i.e. occlusion) and map it to the acoustic output (i.e. velopharyngeal aperture) With pharyngeal voice techniques, HBB help improve glottic closure, which is relevant for partial laryngectomy, vocal fold immobility… With its different patterns of articulatory coordination such as mandibular opening and articulator agility, synchronization, it can be useful for dysarthria, dyspraxis, stuttering (toning the patient's laryngo-pharyngo-oro-facial region) With its breathing management, rhythm control, and body gesture that accompanies speech, it can be useful for Parkinson’s syndrom…

Domaines

Linguistique
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Dates et versions

hal-03504696 , version 1 (29-12-2021)

Identifiants

  • HAL Id : hal-03504696 , version 1

Citer

Lise Crevier-Buchman, Alexis Dehais Underdown, Angelique Amelot, Didier Demolin, Claire Pillot-Loiseau. Video-fiberscopic laryngophryngeal examination in beatboxing. 13th Congress of the European Laryngological Society, May 2021, Digital, France. ⟨hal-03504696⟩
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