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Article Dans Une Revue PRX Quantum Année : 2021

Multiphoton and Side-Channel Attacks in Mistrustful Quantum Cryptography

Mathieu Bozzio
Eleni Diamanti
Adrian Kent
Damián Pitalúa-García

Résumé

Mistrustful cryptography includes important tasks like bit commitment, oblivious transfer, coin flipping, secure computations, position authentication, digital signatures and secure unforgeable tokens. Practical quantum implementations presently use photonic setups. In many such implementations, Alice sends photon pulses encoding quantum states and Bob chooses measurements on these states. In practice, Bob generally uses single-photon threshold detectors, which cannot distinguish the number of photons in detected pulses. Also, losses and other imperfections require Bob to report the detected pulses. Thus, malicious Alice can send and track multiphoton pulses and thereby gain information about Bob’s measurement choices, violating the protocols’ security. Here, we provide a theoretical framework for analyzing such multiphoton attacks, and present known and new attacks. We illustrate the power of these attacks with an experiment, and study their application to earlier experimental demonstrations of mistrustful quantum cryptography. We analyze countermeasures based on selective reporting and prove them inadequate. We also discuss side-channel attacks where Alice controls further degrees of freedom or sends other physical systems.

Dates et versions

hal-03456288 , version 1 (30-11-2021)

Identifiants

Citer

Mathieu Bozzio, Adrien Cavaillès, Eleni Diamanti, Adrian Kent, Damián Pitalúa-García. Multiphoton and Side-Channel Attacks in Mistrustful Quantum Cryptography. PRX Quantum, 2021, 2 (3), pp.030338. ⟨10.1103/PRXQuantum.2.030338⟩. ⟨hal-03456288⟩
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