Lung cancer accounts for the second most frequent solid tumor and for about one in four deaths by cancer.Survival of lung cancer has improved since the 1990s because of early tumor detection, therapeutic advances through improvements in surgical techniques, and the development of immunotherapy and targeted therapy.However, new treatments resulted in new lifethreatening side effects likely to require ICU admission.Patients with lung cancer may be considered as a particular group of interest in the ICU for the following reasons: (1) lung cancer accounts for the leading malignancy among patients with solid tumors and unplanned ICU admission; (2) most patients requiring unplanned ICU admissions have newly diagnosed cancer, and the acute episode is often related to a specific complication of cancer; (3) short-term survival of critically ill lung cancer patients remains poor; and (4) data about their long-term outcomes are scarce.The aim of our study was to analyze the admission patterns and the eventual short-term and long-term prognosis of critically ill lung cancer patients requiring unplanned ICU admission.